Fiber-optic communication(FTTx) yagara ichionekwa senzira inovimbisa yeBroadband yekuwana mushure mekuwana DSL Broadband.Kusiyana neakajairika akamonyoroka kutaurirana, ine yakakwirira yekushanda frequency uye yakakura hukuru (inogona kuve yakavakirwa kune vashandisi vanoda kukwidziridza kune yakasarudzika bandwidth ye10-100Mbps), kushomeka kudiki, hapana kupindira kwemagetsi kwakasimba, simba rekurwisa-electromagnetic pulse kugona, kuvanzika kwakanaka uye zvichingodaro.
Fiber Broadband Communications (FTTx) inosanganisira akasiyana mafomati ekuwana akadai seakajairwa FTTP (Fiber to the Presise, FiberToThePremise), FTTB (Fiber to Building, FiberToTheBuilding), FTTC (Fiber to Roadside, FiberToTheCurb), FTTN (Fiber to the Neighbourhood, FiberToTheNeighborhood), FTTZ (Fiber kuZone, FiberToTheZone), FTTO (Fiber kuHofisi, FiberToTheOffice), FTTH (Fiber Kumba kana Fiber Kumba, FiberToTheHome).
FTTH ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo yekuti fiber ipinde mumba zvakananga
Kune vazhinji vashandisi vepamba, FTTH ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo.Iyi fomu inogona kubatanidza optical fiber uye optical network unit (ONU) yakananga kumba.Iyo yakasiyana-siyana ye fiber Broadband yekuwana kunze kweFTTD (fiber kune desktop, FiberToTheDesk).Iyo fomu yefiber access iri padyo nemushandisi.Nekuwanda kwechimiro chefiber Broadband access, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti ikozvino FTTH Broadband access haingorevi faibha kumba, uye kazhinji yakataura kune dzakasiyana siyana fiber. -kusvika-kumba-mafomu ekuwana akadai seFTTO, FTTD, uye FTTN.
Pamusoro pezvo, muverengi anofanirwa kutarisisa mutsauko uripo pakati peyazvino "FTTx + LAN (fiber + LAN)" Broadband access scheme mukunzwisisa FTTH.FTTx + LAN ndeye Broadband access solution inoshandisa "100Mbps kune cell kana kuvaka, 1 -10Mbps kuenda kumba" uchishandisa fiber + 5 twisted pair mode - shandura uye central office switch uye optical network unit (ONU) Yakabatanidzwa, sero rinoshandisa Category 5 twisted pair cabling, uye mushandisi wekushandisa anogona kusvika 1-10Mbps.
Kusiyana neiyo yemhuri-yega yakasarudzika bandwidth chirongwa cheFTTH, iyo bandwidth yeFTTx + LAN inogovaniswa nevakawanda vashandisi kana mhuri.Kana paine vazhinji vashandisi vakagovaniswa, bandwidth kana network kumhanya kweFTTx + LAN kwakaoma kuvimbisa.
FTTH technical standard
Parizvino, zvinoratidzika kuti bandwidth-yakasarudzika ADSL2 + uye FTTH yave nzira huru yekukura kwebroadband mune ramangwana.Muhunyanzvi hweFTTH, mushure meAPON (ATMPON), pane parizvino GPON (GigabitPON) chiyero chakagadziridzwa neITU/ FSAN, uye miviri miviri yeEPON (EthernetPON) yakagadzirwa neIEEE802.3ah boka rinoshanda riri kukwikwidza.
GPON tekinoroji ichizvarwa chitsva Broadband passive optical integrated access standard yakavakirwa paITU-TG.984.x mwero.Iyo inowanikwa bandwidth ndeye 1111 Mbit / s.Kunyangwe iyo tekinoroji yakaoma, ine yakakwira bandwidth, kushanda kwepamusoro, kufukidzwa kukuru uye vashandisi.Mabhenefiti eakapfuma maficha anotariswa nevamwe vekuEurope neAmerica vanoshanda seyakanaka matekinoroji ebroadband yekuwana network masevhisi.
EPON mhinduro ine scalability yakanaka uye inogona kuona nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzefiber-to-the-imba
EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network) imhando nyowani yefiber access network tekinoroji.Iyo inoshanda uplink transmission bandwidth ndeye 1000 Mbit/s.Iyo inotora point-to-multipoint chimiro uye passive optical fiber kutapurirana, uye inogona kupa akawanda marudzi paEthernet.Bhizinesi rinobatanidza zvakanakira zvePON tekinoroji uye tekinoroji yeEthernet, ine mutengo wakaderera, yakakwira bandwidth, yakasimba scalability, kugarisana kwakanaka neEthernet iripo, uye manejimendi ari nyore.Inoshandiswa muAsia, seChina neJapan.Zvakawanda zvakanyanyisa.
Hazvina mhosva kuti PON fiber system inoumbwa neOLT (Optical Line Terminal, Optical Line Terminal), POS (Passive Optical Splitter), ONU (Optical Network Unit) uye network yayo management system .Izvi zvikamu zvakaiswa neISP installer panguva yekuisa, uye vashandisi vepamba pachavo kazhinji havana mamiriro ekuzvimisa ivo pachavo.
FTTH marongerwo
Maererano nemabasa chaiwo, OLT inoiswa pahofisi yeISP yepakati uye inotarisira kushamwaridzana, kutungamira, nekuchengetedza nzira yekutonga.Iyo nzvimbo yakakura yekufambisa pakati peOLT neONU inogona kusvika 10-20km kana kupfuura.Iyo OLT ine basa rakasiyana-siyana rekuyedza kureba kunonzwisisika pakati peONU yega yega neOLT, uye nekudaro, iyo ONU inorairwa kugadzirisa kunonoka kwayo kwekutumira chiratidzo kuti iite zvakasiyana.Zviratidzo zvinofambiswa neONUs zvechinhambwe zvinogona kunyatsowedzerwa pamwe chete pamichina yeOLT.OLT kazhinji ine bandwidth yekugovera basa, iyo inogona kugovera chaiyo bandwidth neOLT zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa neONU.Uyezve, mudziyo weOLT une chinongedzo-ku-multipoint hub chimiro, uye OLT inogona kutakura makumi matatu nemaviri ONUs (uye inogona kuwedzeredzwa zvino), uye ese maONU pasi pega yega OLT anogovera 1G bandwidth kuburikidza nenguva division multiplexing, ndiko kuti, yega yega ONU inogona. kupa kumusoro uye pasi Iyo yakanyanya bandwidth ndeye 1 Gbps.
A POS passive fiber splitter, kupatsanura kana kupatsanura, chinhu chinoshanda chinobatanidza OLT neONU.Basa rayo nderekugovera iyo yekuisa (yakadzika) masaini masaini kune akawanda ekubuda madoko, achigonesa vashandisi vakawanda kune One fiber inogoverwa kugovera bandwidth;munzira yekukwira, akawanda ONU optical masiginecha ari nguva-kupatsanurwa kwakapetwa kuita imwe fiber.
ONU kazhinji ine 1-32 100M ports uye inogona kubatana kune akasiyana siyana network
Iyo ONU chishandiso chinoshandiswa neEU kuwana mushandisi wekupedzisira kana corridor switch.Iyo imwechete optical fiber inogona nguva-yakawanda data yeONUs yakawanda kune imwe OLT port kuburikidza ne passive optical splitter.Nekuda kweiyo point-to-multipoint tree topology, kuisirwa kweiyo aggregation mudziyo kunoderedzwa, uye nhanho yetiweki zvakare yakajeka. .Most ONU midziyo ine mamwe chinja mabasa.Iyo uplink interface ndeyePON interface.Iyo yakabatana neiyo interface bhodhi yeOLT mudziyo kuburikidza ne passive optical splitter.Iyo downlink yakabatana kuburikidza ne1-32 100-Gigabit kana Gigabit RJ45 ports.Zvishandiso zvedata, senge switch, Broadband routers, makomputa, IP mafoni, set-yepamusoro mabhokisi, nezvimwewo, inogonesa point-to-multipoint deployment.
Nzira yekubatanidza sei mumhuri
Kazhinji, FTTH kune iyo ONU midziyo yeiyo terminal ichapa inokwana mana 100M RJ45 interfaces.Kune vashandisi vane makomputa mana akabatanidzwa newaya network makadhi, vanogona kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nemakomputa akawanda anogovera kuwana Internet mumba.Pamusoro pezvo, kune FTTH network vachishandisa ine simba IP, vashandisi vanogona zvakare kubatana kune switch kana isina waya APs yekuwedzera waya uye isina waya network sezvinodiwa.
Azvino Broadband routers anogona kutsigira zvakakwana FTTH kuwana mhinduro
Kune zviteshi zveFTTH zvinongopa 100M RJ45 interface ichishandisa yakagadziriswa IP, inogona kuwedzerwa nebroadband router kana isina waya router.Mukurongeka, ingori muWEB yekuseta interface ye router, tsvaga "WAN port" sarudzo, sarudza iyo WAN port yekubatanidza mhando se "static IP" modhi, wobva waisa iyo IP kero uye subnet yakapihwa neISP mune inotevera interface.Iyo mask, gedhi uye DNS kero zvese zvakanaka.
Pamusoro pezvo, vashandisi veakatengwa Broadband routers kana mawireless routers vanofanirwa kuishandisa sechinja kana isina waya AP muFTTH network.Teerera kune anotevera mapoinzi paunenge uchigadzira: Kuti ushandise waya ye router se switch kana isina waya AP, isa yakamonyoroka peya plug kubva paONU mudziyo wakananga mune chero interface muchiteshi cheLAN che router.Mupeji yehutungamiri ye router, bvisa DHCP server basa rakavhurwa nekusingaperi.Seta IP kero ye router uye mudziyo weONU uchishandisa dynamic IP sechikamu chetiweki imwechete.
Sezvo fibre yekuwana ichipa unlimited bandwidth, Fiber kuImba (FTTH) inozivikanwa se "mambo" wenguva yebroadband uye ndicho chinangwa chekupedzisira chekusimudzira Broadband.Mushure mekunge fiber yaunzwa kumba, kumhanya kweInternet kwemushandisi kunogona kuwedzerwa zvakanyanya zvakare.Zvinotora masekonzi mashoma kudhawunirodha 500MB DVD bhaisikopo, iro rinokurumidza zvakapetwa kagumi pane yazvino ADSL mhinduro.Nekuramba kuri kudzikiswa kwemutengo weFTTH erection, mwenje weimba uri kufamba kubva kuhope kuenda kuchokwadi.