Mai haɗa fiber na gani
Mai haɗin fiber optic ya ƙunshi fiber da filogi a ƙarshen ƙarshen fiber ɗin.Filogi ya ƙunshi fil da tsarin kulle na gefe.Bisa ga hanyoyin kullewa daban-daban, ana iya rarraba masu haɗin fiber zuwa nau'in FC, nau'in SC, nau'in LC, nau'in ST da nau'in KTRJ.
Mai haɗin FC yana ɗaukar tsarin kulle zare kuma shine mai haɗa fiber na gani mai motsi wanda shine farkon kuma mafi yawan ƙirƙira da aka yi amfani da shi.
SC haɗin gwiwa ne na rectangular wanda NTT ya haɓaka.Ana iya shigar da shi kai tsaye kuma a cire shi ba tare da haɗin zaren ba.Idan aka kwatanta da mai haɗin FC, yana da ƙaramin sarari aiki kuma yana da sauƙin amfani.Kayayyakin Ethernet mara ƙarancin ƙarewa na gama gari.
AT&T ne ya ƙera mai haɗin ST kuma yana amfani da tsarin kulle bayoneti.Mahimman alamun ma'auni daidai suke da masu haɗin FC da SC, amma ba su da yawa a aikace-aikacen kamfani.Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da su a cikin na'urori masu nau'i-nau'i da yawa kuma ana amfani da su akai-akai lokacin da aka kulle su tare da wasu kayan aikin masana'anta.
Fil ɗin KTRJ an yi su ne da filastik kuma an sanya su da fitilun ƙarfe.Yayin da adadin shigarwa da cirewa ya karu, abubuwan da suka dace suna lalacewa da lalacewa, kuma kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci ba shi da kyau kamar masu haɗin yumbura.
Ilimin fiber na gani
Fiber na gani shine jagoran da ke watsa raƙuman haske. Za a iya raba fiber na gani zuwa fiber yanayin guda ɗaya da fiber multimode daga yanayin watsawar gani.
A cikin nau'i-nau'i guda ɗaya, watsa haske yana da mahimmancin mahimmanci guda ɗaya kawai, wanda ke nufin cewa hasken yana watsawa kawai tare da ainihin ciki na fiber.Tun lokacin da aka kauce wa watsawar yanayin gaba daya, fiber-mode fiber yana da tashar watsawa mai fadi kuma ya dace. don babban sauri, sadarwar fiber mai nisa.
A cikin multimode fiber, akwai nau'ikan watsawar gani da yawa.Saboda tarwatsawa ko aberration, aikin watsawa na irin wannan fiber na gani ba shi da kyau, maɗaurin mitar yana kunkuntar, adadin watsawa kaɗan ne, kuma nisa gajere ne.
Siffofin halayen fiber na gani
Tsarin fiber na gani an riga an tsara shi ta sandar fiber ma'adini, kuma diamita na waje na fiber multimode da fiber yanayin guda ɗaya don sadarwa duka 125 ne.μm.
An raba slimming zuwa sassa biyu: Core da Cladding Layer. The single-mode fiber core yana da core diamita na 8 ~ 10μm.Multimode fiber core diamita yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai guda biyu, kuma babban diamita shine 62.5μm (US misali) da kuma 50μm (Ma'aunin Turai).
Ƙididdigar fiber na dubawa yana da irin wannan bayanin: 62.5μm / 125μm multimode fiber, wanda 62.5μm yana nufin ainihin diamita na fiber, da 125μm yana nufin diamita na waje na fiber.
Single yanayin zaruruwa amfani da kalaman na 1310 nm ko 1550 nm.
Multimode zaruruwa suna amfani da tsayin daka na 850 nm.
Single yanayin fiber da multimode fiber za a iya bambanta a launi.Jikin waje mai nau'in fiber guda ɗaya shine rawaya, kuma multimode fiber na waje jikin shine orange-ja.
Gigabit Tantancewar tashar jiragen ruwa
Gigabit Tantancewar tashoshin jiragen ruwa na iya aiki a cikin duka tilastawa da daidaitawa ta atomatik.A cikin ƙayyadaddun 802.3, Gigabit tashar jiragen ruwa tana goyan bayan saurin 1000M kawai kuma yana goyan bayan cikakken duplex (Cikakken) da rabi-duplex (Rabi) yanayin duplex.
Bambanci mafi mahimmanci tsakanin shawarwari kai tsaye da tilastawa shine cewa rafin lambar da aka aika lokacin da su biyu suka kafa hanyar haɗin gwiwa ta bambanta.Yanayin sasantawa ta atomatik yana aika da /C/ code, wanda shine rafi na lambar daidaitawa, kuma yanayin tilastawa yana aika / I / code, wanda shine rafi mara amfani.
Gigabit Tantancewar tashar jiragen ruwa kai – tsarin shawarwari
Na farko: an saita iyakar biyu zuwa yanayin tattaunawa ta atomatik
Bangarorin biyu suna aika juna/C/rafi na lamba.Idan aka karɓi /C/lambobi iri ɗaya guda uku a jere kuma rafin lambar da aka karɓa ta yi daidai da yanayin aiki na ƙarshen gida, ɗayan ɓangaren yana dawo da /C/ code tare da amsa Ack.Bayan karɓar bayanin Ack, ɗan'uwan yayi la'akari da cewa su biyu zasu iya sadarwa da juna kuma saita tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa jihar UP.
Na biyu: an saita ƙarshen ɗaya zuwa tattaunawa ta atomatik, an saita ƙarshen ɗaya zuwa tilas
Ƙarshen sasantawa ta atomatik yana aika /C/rafi, kuma ƙarshen tilastawa yana aika /I/ rafi.Ƙarshen tilastawa ba zai iya ba wa takwarorinsa bayanan shawarwari na ƙarshen gida ba, kuma ba zai iya mayar da martanin Ack ga takwarorinsa ba.Sabili da haka, tashar sulhu ta atomatik DOWN. Duk da haka, ƙaddamar da tilastawa kanta zai iya gane / C / code, kuma yayi la'akari da cewa ƙarshen takwarorinsu tashar jiragen ruwa ne wanda ya dace da kanta, don haka kai tsaye saita tashar tashar gida zuwa jihar UP.
Na uku: duka ƙarshen an saita su zuwa yanayin dole
Bangarorin biyu suna aika juna/I/rafi.Bayan karɓar rafi / I/, ɗan'uwan yayi la'akari da cewa ɗan'uwan shine tashar jiragen ruwa wanda ya dace da takwarorinsu.
Menene bambanci tsakanin multimode da singlemode fiber?
Multimode:
Zaɓuɓɓukan da za su iya tafiya daga ɗaruruwa zuwa dubban hanyoyi ana kiran su multimode (MM) fibers. Dangane da rarraba radial na index refractive a cikin core da kuma cladding, shi za a iya kara raba zuwa mataki multimode fiber da a hankali multimode fiber.Kusan duk. Multimode fibers sune 50/125 μm ko 62.5/125 μm a girman, kuma bandwidth (yawan bayanin da fiber ke watsawa) yawanci 200 MHz zuwa 2 GHz. .Ana amfani da diode mai haske ko laser azaman tushen haske.
Yanayin guda ɗaya:
Fiber wanda zai iya yada yanayin ɗaya kawai ana kiransa fiber na yanayin guda ɗaya. Ma'anar ma'auni guda ɗaya (SM) fiber refractive index profile yayi kama da matakin fiber, sai dai cewa core diamita ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da fiber multimode.
Girman fiber yanayin guda ɗaya shine 9-10/125μm kuma yana da bandwidth mara iyaka da ƙananan halayen hasara fiye da fiber multimode. Sau da yawa ana amfani da transceivers na gani guda ɗaya don watsa nisa mai nisa, wani lokacin ya kai kilomita 150 zuwa 200.Ana amfani da LEDs tare da kunkuntar LD ko layukan gani a matsayin tushen haske.
Bambance-bambance da haɗin kai:
Na'urori masu nau'in nau'in nau'i-nau'i yawanci suna aiki akan nau'i-nau'i na nau'i-nau'i da nau'i-nau'i masu yawa, yayin da na'urorin multimode suna iyakance ga aiki akan fibers multimode.