I enei wa, i roto i nga kaupapa whakawhitiwhiti whatunga o naianei, nga kaiwhakawhiti whatu,nga whakawhiti muka whatu, me nga pouwhanga whatu ka taea te kii he nui te whakamahi me te tino whakautehia e nga kaimahi haumaru.Na, kei te mohio koe ki te rereketanga o enei Maama e toru?
Ko te pouwhanga whatu he momo taputapu e rite ana ki te baseband MODEM (pouwhanga mamati).Ko te rereke mai i te baseband MODEM ko te hono ki tetahi raina muka whatu i whakatapua, he tohu whatu.
Ka whakamahia mo te hurihanga o te tohu whakaahua hiko me te kawa atanga i roto i te whatunga rohe whanui, a ko te pouara uru ko te urunga whatunga rohe whanui.Ka whakamahia e te kaiwhakawhiti whakaahua te huringa o te tohu whakaahua i roto i te whatunga rohe o te rohe, engari ko te huringa tohu anake, kaore he huringa o te kawa atanga.Ka whakamahia mo te tawhiti roa i roto i te whatunga puni, kaore e pai mo te taiao ka horahia nga taura takirua.Hei whakamarama i te pouwhanga whatu, te whakawhiti whakaahua hiko.Me whakauru e tatou te taiao e whakamahia ana.
Pouwhanga Optical, e mohiotia ana ko te transceiver optical tauranga kotahi, he hua i hangaia mo nga taiao kaiwhakamahi motuhake.Ka whakamahia e ia he rua o nga muka whatu mo te E1 kotahi, V. 35 kotahi ranei 10BaseT tohu-ki-ira taputapu kapeka tuku whatu.I te mea ko nga taputapu tuku relay o te whatunga rohe, he pai tenei taputapu mo nga taputapu whakawhiti muka whatu o te teihana turanga me nga taputapu raina riihi.Mo nga kaiwhakawhiti whatu tauranga-maha, e kiia ana he "whakawhitiwhiti whatu".Mo nga transceivers whatu tauranga kotahi, ka whakamahia ki te taha kaiwhakamahi.He rite tonu ta raatau mahi ki te MODEM i te wa e whakamahia nuitia ana mo te WAN kua whakatapua ki te raina (ara) whatunga."Optical modem" me "Optical Whatunga Waehe".
He hua noa nga kaiwhakawhitiwhiti whatu mo te whakawhitiwhiti raraunga.He rereke nga hua o te whakawhiti whatu pono, he pai mo te whakawhiti pouaka whakaata, etahi mo te whakawhiti waea, he pai mo te whakahaere ahumahi, a ko etahi ka whakauru i te "reo, raraunga, ahua" me etahi atu ratonga ki te uru atu ki tetahi.
Ka mohio te kaiwhakawhitiwhiti muka whatu i te huringa tohu i waenga i te aratau kotahi me te muka aratau maha me te takirua takirua i roto i te Ethernet.Ko te kaitahuri muka whatu he waeine whakawhiti pāpāho whakawhiti Ethernet e whakawhiti ana i nga tohu hiko takirua poto-tawhiti me nga tohu whatu tawhiti.Ko te nuinga o nga wa e whakamahia ana nga whakawhiti whatu i roto i nga taiao whatunga tuuturu kaore e taea te hipoki i nga taura Ethernet me te whakamahi i nga muka whatu ki te whakawhānui i te tawhiti tuku;i te wa ano, kei te awhina ratou ki te hono i te maero whakamutunga o nga raina muka whatu ki nga whatunga rohe taone (no te hangarau Ethernet) me etahi atu paparanga o waho.He mahi nui ano te Ipurangi.
E ai ki te tere, ka taea te wehea te whakawhiti muka whatu ki roto i te 10M kotahi, 100M whatu whatu transceiver,10/100M urutau muka whatu transceiverme te 1000M whatu whatu transceiver.10M me 100M transceivers mahi i te paparanga tinana, me nga hua transceiver mahi i tenei paparanga raraunga whakamua bit i te bit.Ko tenei tikanga tuku whakamua he pai ake te tere o te tere whakamua, te tere o te maamaatanga, te iti o te whakaroa, me etahi atu, he pai ake i te hototahi me te pumau, a he pai mo te whakamahi i runga i nga hononga reiti.
Ko te 10/100M whatu whatu transceiver mahi i te paparanga hononga raraunga.I tenei paparanga, ka whakamahia e te kaiwhakawhiti muka whatu he tikanga toa-a-whakamua ki te panui i tana puna wahitau MAC, wahitau MAC whainga, me te wahitau MAC whainga mo ia kete kua riro.Raraunga, ka tukuna atu te paatete raraunga i muri i te otinga o te tirotiro whakaheke huringa CRC.Tuatahi, ka taea e ia te aukati i etahi papa he kia kore e horapa i roto i te whatunga me te noho i nga rauemi whatunga nui.I te wa ano, ka taea hoki te aukati i te ngaronga o nga paakete raraunga na te raru o te whatunga.
E ai ki te hanganga, ka taea te wehea ki te momo papamahi whatu whatu transceiver me whata momo whatu whatu transceiver.He pai te kaitahuri muka whatu papamahi mo te kaiwhakamahi kotahi, penei i te tutuki i te hono o te whakawhiti kotahi i te kauhanga.He pai mo te whakahiato-kaiwhakamahi maha nga kaiwhakawhitinga muka whatu kei runga whatanga.
E ai ki te muka, ka taea te wehewehea ki te whakawhiti i te muka aratau me te whakawhiti i te muka kotahi.Na te rereke o nga muka whatu e whakamahia ana, he rereke te tawhiti o te whakawhiti o te transceiver.Ko te tawhiti whakawhiti whanui o te kaikawe aratau-maha kei waenga i te 2 kiromita me te 5 kiromita, ka taea e te kaiwhakawhitiwhiti aratau kotahi te awhe mai i te 20 kiromita ki te 120 kiromita.Me tohu na te rereketanga o te tawhiti tuku, ka rereke ano te mana tuku, te tango i te tairongo me te roangaru o te kaitahuri muka.Ko te kaha tuku o te 5km whatu whatu transceiver ko te tikanga i waenganui i -20 ki -14db, a ko te sensitivity whiwhi ko -30db, te whakamahi i te roangaru o 1310nm;i te mea ko te kaha tuku o te 120 km whatu whatu transceiver ko te nuinga kei waenganui i -5 ki te 0dB, a ko te －38dB te whai waahi, ma te whakamahi i te roangaru 1550nm.
E ai ki te maha o nga muka whatu, ka taea te wehea ki te transceiver whatu muka kotahi mewhakawhiti whatu muka-rua.Ko te muka kotahi ko te mohio ki te whiwhi raraunga me te tuku i runga i te muka whatu.Ko tenei momo hua e mau ana i te hangarau o te wehewehenga wehenga roangaru, a ko nga roangaru e whakamahia ana ko te nuinga o te 1310nm me te 1550nm.Nā ki te whakamahi o te roangaru wehenga multiplexing, hua muka kotahi transceiver te tikanga i te āhuatanga o te attenuation tohu nui.I tenei wa, ko te nuinga o nga kaikawe muka i runga i te maakete he hua muka-rua, he ahua pakeke me te pumau.
Ana, ko te korero i runga ake nei ko te korero mo te rereketanga i waenga i te whakawhiti whatu, te transceiver muka whatu me te pouwhanga whatu.Te ti'aturi nei au ka taea e koe te awhina!