Chidule cha Power Over Electricity (POE)
POE (Power Over Ethernet) imatanthawuza ma terminals ena a IP (monga mafoni a IP, opanda zingwe LAN kupeza malo AP, makamera ochezera, etc.) popanda kusintha Ethernet Cat.5 mawaya zomangamanga alipo.Pomwe imatumiza ma data, imapereka ukadaulo wamagetsi wa DC pazida zotere.Ukadaulo wa POE utha kuwonetsetsa kuti ma network omwe alipo akugwira ntchito bwino ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha ma cabling omwe alipo, ndikuchepetsa mtengo.
POE imadziwikanso ngati njira yopangira magetsi kutengera netiweki yapafupi (POL, Power over LAN) kapena Active Ethernet (Active Ethernet), nthawi zina amatchedwanso Power over Ethernet mwachidule.Izi ndikugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zotumizira za Efaneti zomwe zilipo kuti zitumize deta ndi data nthawi imodzi.Miyezo yaposachedwa kwambiri yamphamvu yamagetsi, ndikusunga kugwirizana ndi machitidwe ndi ogwiritsa ntchito a Ethernet.Muyezo wa IEEE 802.3af ndi mulingo watsopano wozikidwa pa POE ya Power-over-Ethernet system.Imawonjezeranso milingo yofananira yoperekera mphamvu mwachindunji kudzera pazingwe zama netiweki pamaziko a IEEE 802.3.Ndiwowonjezera muyeso wa Ethernet womwe ulipo komanso mulingo woyamba wapadziko lonse lapansi wogawa mphamvu.muyezo.
IEEE idayamba kupanga mulingo mu 1999, ndipo mavenda oyambilira omwe adatenga nawo gawo anali 3Com, Intel, PowerDsine, Nortel, Mitel, ndi National Semiconductor.Komabe, zofooka za muyezo uwu zakhala zikulepheretsa kukula kwa msika.Mpaka June 2003, IEEE idavomereza muyeso wa 802.3af, womwe udafotokoza momveka bwino zovuta zowunikira ndi kuwongolera mphamvu m'makina akutali, ndi ma routers olumikizidwa, masiwichi, ndi ma hubs ku mafoni a IP, machitidwe otetezera, ndi ma netiweki am'deralo opanda zingwe kudzera pa zingwe za Efaneti.Sinthani njira yoperekera mphamvu ya zida monga mfundo.Kukula kwa IEEE 802.3af kumaphatikizapo kuyesetsa kwa akatswiri ambiri amakampani, zomwe zimalolanso kuti muyezowo uyesedwe mokwanira.
Kapangidwe ka POE kachitidwe ndi magawo amagetsi amagetsi
Dongosolo la POE limaphatikizapo zida zamagetsi (PSE, Power Sourcing Equipment) ndi zida zolandirira mphamvu (PD, Power Chipangizo).Chipangizo cha PSE ndi chipangizo chomwe chimapereka mphamvu ku zipangizo ziwiri za kasitomala, komanso ndi chipangizo chomwe chimapereka mphamvu ku POE yonse.Chipangizo cha PD ndi PSE yomwe imavomereza mphamvu, ndiko kuti, chipangizo cha kasitomala cha dongosolo la POE, monga mafoni a IP, chitetezo cha intaneti, APs, ndi PDAs.) Kapena zipangizo zina zambiri monga mafoni a m'manja ndi makompyuta (zing'onozing'ono, chipangizo chilichonse chokhala ndi mphamvu yoposa 13W chikhoza kupeza mphamvu yofanana kuchokera ku mawonekedwe a RJ45).Sizidalira muyeso wa IEEE 802.3af kuti mukhazikitse kugwirizana kwa chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi kugwirizana, mtundu wa chipangizo, ndi mlingo wa chipangizo cholandirira PD, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amapereka mphamvu kwa PD malinga ndi PSE.
Magawo akuluakulu amagetsi amtundu wamagetsi a POE ndi awa:
◆ Magetsi ali pakati pa 44V ndi 57V, ndi mtengo wamba wa 48V.
◆Kuchuluka kovomerezeka kwapano ndi 550mA, ndipo kuyambika koyambira ndi 500mA.
◆Avereji yogwira ntchito ndi 10～350mA, ndipo kuchuluka kwaposachedwa ndi 350～500mA.
◆ Pansi pazikhalidwe zosanyamula katundu, kuchuluka komwe kumafunikira ndi 5mA.
◆ Perekani magawo asanu ofunsira mphamvu zamagetsi kuchokera ku 3.84 mpaka 12.95W pazida za PD, osapitirira 13W.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi a POE
Mukayandama zida zamagetsi za PSE pamaneti, njira yogwirira ntchito yamagetsi a POE ndi motere.
◆ Kuzindikira: Kumayambiriro, kutulutsa kwamagetsi ndi chipangizo cha PSE pa doko mpaka kuwonetsetsa kuti kugwirizana kwa deta ndi chipangizo cholandira mphamvu chomwe chimagwirizana ndi IEEE 802.3af.
◆ Gulu la chipangizo cha PD: Pambuyo pozindikira chipangizo cholandirira mphamvu PD, chipangizo cha PSE chikhoza kuyika chipangizo cha PD ndikuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zomwe zimafunidwa ndi chipangizo cha PD.
◆Yambani magetsi: Pa nthawi yosinthika (nthawi zambiri zosakwana 15μs) kuti muyambe magetsi, chipangizo cha PSE chimayamba kupereka mphamvu ku chipangizo cha PD kuchokera kumagetsi otsika mpaka chimapereka mphamvu ya 48V.
◆ Mphamvu yamagetsi: Perekani 48V yokhazikika komanso yodalirika yamagetsi opangira magetsi a PD kuti akwaniritse nthawi yowonjezera mphamvu ya zipangizo za PD zomwe sizidutsa 15.4W.
◆Kuzimitsa mphamvu: Ngati chipangizo cha PD chikuchotsedwa pa intaneti, PSE idzafulumira (kawirikawiri mkati mwa 30-400ms) imasiya kulimbikitsa chipangizo cha PD, ndikubwerezanso njira yodziwira kuti muwone ngati deta yosungiramo deta ikugwirizana ndi chipangizo cha PD.
Pogwirizanitsa chipangizo chilichonse cha intaneti ku PSE, PSE iyenera choyamba kuzindikira kuti chipangizocho si PD kuti chitsimikizire kuti sichipereka zamakono ku zipangizo zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi POE, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka.Zitha kuzindikirika poyang'ana mphamvu yamagetsi yaying'ono yamagetsi kuti muwone ngati mtunda uli ndi makhalidwe omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira.Pokhapokha pamene chidziwitso chafika m'pamene mphamvu yonse ya 48V ingaperekedwe, yomwe ilipobe, ndipo zida zazifupi kwambiri zimatha kukhala ndi zolakwika..Monga PD yowonjezereka ya njira yotulukira, imathanso kugawa njira zamagetsi zomwe zimafuna PSE, ndikupereka PSE kuti ipereke mphamvu m'njira yoyenera.PSE imayamba kupereka mphamvu.Idzapitiliza kuyang'anira momwe PD ikulowetsa panopa.Pamene kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamakono kwa PD kutsika pansi pa mtengo wocheperako, monga pamene chipangizocho chikutulutsidwa kapena kukumana ndi mphamvu zambiri za chipangizo cha PD, chigawo chachifupi, kapena mphamvu yamagetsi kuposa PSE, PSE idzawononga magetsi ndikuyamba kuzindikira. ndondomeko kachiwiri.
Chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito magetsi chikhoza kuperekedwanso ndi mphamvu ya dongosolo, mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta ya network (SNMP).Ntchitoyi imatha kupereka ntchito monga kuchira ndikuwongolera kuchira.
Ndizotheka kuphunzira njira yopatsira POE.Pali zinthu ziwiri zofunika kuziganizira popereka, zomwe ndi kuzindikiritsa zida za PD, ndipo ina ndi kuthekera kwa UPS mudongosolo.