Ziribe kanthu kuti ndi njira iti yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ikwaniritse kulumikizana kwa doko la netiweki, sikungasiyanitsidwe ndi ma protocol oyenera.Komabe, Ethernet ikukhudzidwa ndi kampani yathuONUmndandanda wazinthu umatsata muyezo wa IEEE 802.3.Pansipa pali chidule chachidule cha mawonekedwe a IEEE 802.3
IEEE802.3 Mapangidwe a Mafelemu
Ntchito ya Media Access Control sublayer (MAC) ndiye ukadaulo wapakatikati wa Efaneti, womwe umatsimikizira magwiridwe antchito amtaneti a Efaneti.Ma sublayer a MAC nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'magawo awiri ogwira ntchito: kuyika kwa chimango / kumasula ndi kuwongolera ma media.Pogwirizanitsa ntchito za sublayer iyi, sitepe yoyamba ndiyo kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe a Ethernet
| Kodi |Frame Start Delimiter |Adilesi Yofikira |Adilesi |Utali |Data |Kuwunika kwa Frame Sequence|
| 7 bati |1 bati |6 bati |6 bati |2 bati |46-1500 mabayiti |4 bati |
(1) Precode: Khodi yokhala ndi ma byte 7 a magawo a binary "1" ndi "0", mwachitsanzo 1010... 10, okwana 56 bits.Chimangocho chikakwezedwa pamawayilesi, wolandila amatha kukhazikitsa kulumikizana pang'ono, chifukwa pankhani ya nambala ya Manchester, mawonekedwe opatsirana omwe ali ndi "1" ndi "0" nthawi ndi mafunde apakati.
(2) Frame First Delimiter (SFD): Ndi ndondomeko ya binary ya 10101011 yokhala ndi kutalika kwa 1 byte.Khodi iyi ikadutsa, imayimira chiyambi chenicheni cha chimango kuti wolandila apeze gawo loyamba la chimango chenichenicho.Ndiko kunena kuti, chimango chenichenicho chimakhala ndi DA+SA+L+LLCPDU+FCS yotsalayo.
(3) Adilesi Yofikira (DA): Imatchula adilesi yomwe chimango ikuyesera kutumiza, yokhala ndi ma 6 byte.Itha kukhala adilesi imodzi (yoyimira siteshoni imodzi), ma adilesi angapo (oyimira gulu la masiteshoni), kapena ma adilesi onse (oyimira masiteshoni onse pamaneti amdera lanu).Pamene maadiresi angapo akuwonekera pa adilesi yomwe mukupita, zikutanthauza kuti chimangocho chimalandiridwa nthawi imodzi ndi gulu la masiteshoni, otchedwa "multicast".Adilesi yopita ikawoneka ngati adilesi yonse, zikutanthauza kuti chimango chimalandiridwa nthawi imodzi ndi masiteshoni onse pamaneti amderali, omwe amadziwika kuti "kuwulutsa".Mtundu wa adilesi nthawi zambiri umatsimikiziridwa ndi gawo lapamwamba kwambiri la DA.Ngati chochepa kwambiri ndi "0", chikuwonetsa adilesi imodzi;Mtengo wa '1' umawonetsa ma adilesi angapo kapena ma adilesi onse.Adilesi ikadzaza, gawo la DA limakhala ndi "1" code yonse.
(4) Source Address (SA): Imawonetsa adilesi ya siteshoni yomwe imatumiza chimango, chomwe, monga DA, chimakhala ndi ma 6 bytes.
(5) Utali (L): Ma byte awiri onse, kuyimira kuchuluka kwa ma byte mu LLC-PDU.
(6) Data Link layer protocol data unit (LLC-PDU): Imachokera ku 46 mpaka 1500 byte.Dziwani kuti kuchepera kwa LLC-PDU kutalika kwa ma byte 46 ndi malire, zomwe zimafuna kuti masiteshoni onse pamaneti amderali azitha kuzindikira chimangochi, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti maukonde akuyenda bwino.Ngati LLC-PDU ili yochepera 46 byte, woyendetsa MAC wa malo otumizira amangodzaza nambala ya "0" kuti amalize.
(7) Kuyendera kwa Frame Check (FCS): Ili kumapeto kwa chimango ndipo imakhala ndi ma byte 4 okwana.Ndi 32-bit redundancy check code (CRC) yomwe imayang'ana zomwe zili m'mafelemu onse kupatula mawu oyamba, SFD, ndi FCS.Zotsatira zamacheke za CRC kuchokera ku DA kupita ku DATA zikuwonetsedwa mu FCS.Malo otumizira akatumiza chimango, amatsimikizira CRC pang'onopang'ono potumiza.Pomaliza, kuyesa kwa 32-bit CRC kumapangidwa ndikudzazidwa pamalo a FCS kumapeto kwa chimango chotumizira pa sing'anga.Mukalandira chimango pamalo olandirira, kutsimikizira kwa CRC kumachitika pang'onopang'ono ndikulandira chimango chomwecho kuyambira ku DA.Ngati cheke chopangidwa ndi malo omaliza olandila ndi ofanana ndi cheke cha chimango, zikuwonetsa kuti chimango chomwe chimaperekedwa pa sing'anga sichinawonongeke.M'malo mwake, ngati malo olandirira akukhulupirira kuti chimango chawonongeka, chidzapempha malo otumizira kuti atumizenso chimangocho kudzera mu njira inayake.
Utali wa chimango ndi DA+SA+L+LLCPDU+FCS=6+6+2+(46-1500)+4=64-1518, ndiye kuti, pamene LLC-PDU ndi 46 byte, chimangocho ndi chaching'ono kwambiri. M’litali mwake mafelemuwo anali mabayiti 64;Pamene LLC-PDU ndi 1500 byte, kukula kwake kwakukulu ndi 1518 byte.
Zogulitsa zogulitsa zotentha zamakampani athu zimaphimba mitundu yosiyanasiyana yaONUmndandanda wazinthu, kuphatikiza ACONU/ kulumikizanaONU/wanzeruONU/bokosiONU, ndi zinaONUzogulitsa zotsatizana zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazosowa za netiweki muzochitika zosiyanasiyana.Landirani aliyense kuti abwere ndi kumvetsetsa mwatsatanetsatane zaukadaulo wazogulitsa.
