Icyambere, nikihe kibazo PON ikoreshwa mugukemura?
● Hamwe no kugaragara kwa serivise nini cyane nka videwo kubisabwa, imikino yo kuri interineti na IPTV, abayikoresha bakeneye byihutirwa kongera umurongo mugari. Kubaho uburyo bwa ADSL bushingiye kumurongo mugari biragoye cyane kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo byabakoresha kumurongo mwinshi, bibiri- inzira yo kohereza inzira, n'umutekano.
● Bitewe nintera ndende yoherejwe, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya-interineti nubushobozi bunini, fibre optique yakoreshejwe cyane murusobe rwumugongo.Mu myaka yashize, hamwe nigabanuka ryibiciro byigikoresho cya optique, fibre optique yahindutse buhoro buhoro uburyo bwa mbere bwo kohereza imiyoboro ya enterineti.
Network Passive Optical Network (PON) ni igiciro gito muburyo bwo kubona fibre kandi irashobora kuzamurwa neza.Iragenda itoneshwa nabakoresha itumanaho kandi ifatwa nkigisubizo cyiza cyo gukemura ikibazo cya "kilometero yanyuma".
Icya kabiri, ibigize PON
PON igizwe n'ibice bitatu: guhagarika umurongo wa optique (OLT), umuyoboro wa optique (ONU), hamwe na optique ya optique (POS).
PON ni imiterere idasanzwe, ingingo-kuri-kugwiza (P2MP).Inshingano zakinnye na OLT na ONU ziratandukanye.OLT ihwanye n'uruhare rwa Shebuja, kandi ONU ihwanye n'uruhare rw'Umucakara.
Icya gatatu, ibyiza bya PON:
Kuzigama
P2P - N fibre optique;2N optique ya optique
P2Purb - fibre 1;2N + 2 optique ya optique;bisaba amashanyarazi yaho;ikiza fibre nyinshi
P2MP (PON) - fibre 1;N + 1 optique ya optique;umubare munini wa fibre optique wabitswe;umubare munini wa optique ya transiveri
Yizewe
Ikimenyetso nticyanyuze mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki bikora mugihe cyo kohereza PON, bigabanya cyane ingingo ishobora gutsindwa;
Gukoresha ibikoresho bya pasiporo byoroshya imiyoboro y'urusobekerane, kandi imiterere y'urusobekerane iroroshye kubungabunga no gucunga.
Intera ndende
Intera yoherejwe ya PON ni 10 kugeza kuri 20km, irenga rwose imipaka yintera iri hagati yuburyo bwa Ethernet na xDSL, kandi ikazamura cyane ihinduka ryimikorere ya biro yanyuma.
Umuyoboro mwinshi
Ugereranije na xDSL, PON ifite umurongo mwinshi kandi yujuje byuzuye ibikenewe bya serivise za HDTV kumurongo.
● Biroroshye
Urusobe rwa PON ntirugarukira, kandi urusobe rwibiti ninyenyeri topologiya irashobora kubakwa byoroshye.
PON irakwiriye cyane cyane mugihe aho umukoresha agera amakuru yamakuru atatanye, kandi fibre optique irashobora guhaza uburyo abakoresha bose bagera kumakuru yamakuru.
Icya kane, urwego nyamukuru rwa PON
● GPON - GigabitPON, ITUG.984 protocole isanzwe, kuzamura no kwagura APON, ukoresheje imiterere isanzwe kugirango utange inkunga kuri serivisi zitandukanye.Igipimo ntarengwa ni 2.5Gbps.GPON ifite ibyiza mumuvuduko mwinshi no gushyigikira serivisi nyinshi, ariko tekinoroji iragoye, igiciro ni kinini, kandi gukura kwibicuruzwa ntabwo biri hejuru.
.EPON ishingiye kuri tekinoroji ya Ethernet kandi protocole iroroshye kandi ikora neza.Ugereranije na APON, GPON ifite ibyiza bigaragara mubijyanye nigiciro.
Icya gatanu, tekinoroji yingenzi ya EPON
● Umuyoboro ugwiza
Sisitemu ya EPON ikoresha tekinoroji ya WDM kugirango imenye icyerekezo kimwe cya fibre;
Igipimo cyumuyoboro ni 1.25 Gbps hejuru no hepfo.
● EPON kumanura uburyo bwo kohereza - uburyo bwo gutangaza
Mode EPON uplink uburyo bwo kohereza - uburyo bwa TDMA
Prot Igenzura rya Multipoint Protocole - MPCP
Bitandukanye na Ethernet P2P yubatswe, PON nubwubatsi bwa P2MP.ONU irahatanira kuzamura imiyoboro yumurongo, kandi hakenewe uburyo bwa kamarampaka kugirango hirindwe guhuza amakuru no gutanga neza umutungo wumuyoboro.Porotokole ya 802.3ah yerekana protocole ijyanye no kugenzura, Multi-point MAC Igenzura (MPCP);
lMPCP isobanura cyane cyane Multi-point MAC Igenzura sublayer kugirango yongere kandi asimbure MAC Igenzura sublayer yasobanuwe na 802.3 protocole.Igenzura ryimikorere ya protocole ya MPCP ifite umwanya wambere kuruta urwego rwa MACClient.
Guhindura no gutinza indishyi
Ikwirakwizwa rya EPON ryakira uburyo bwa TDMA.OLT igena igihe ONU yohereza amakuru.Kubera ko buri ONU itandukanye na OLT, hazabaho itandukaniro ryo gutinda.Niba nta buryo bunoze bwo gutinda bwindishyi, amakimbirane yo guhererekanya amakuru azakomeza kubaho.
EPON iringaniza kandi itinza indishyi nikoranabuhanga ryingenzi rya uplink umuyoboro ugwiza.Ø Mubikorwa bya DiscoveryProcessing, OLT ibara agaciro ka RTT (RoundTrip Time) ya buri ONU mugupima ONU nshya yanditswe.
OLT ikoresha RTT kugirango ihindure igihe cyo gutanga uburenganzira kuri buri ONU.
OLT irashobora kandi gutangiza intera iyo yakiriye MPCP PDU.
Kubara RTT:
Ikadiri ya GATE ikubiyemo "timestamp" umurima ONU ikoresha muguhindura igitabo cyaho.OLT irashobora kubara RTT ikoresheje ikarita yakiriwe kugirango ikore indishyi zigeragezwa.
Al Kugabana Umuyoboro Mugari (DBA)
Kugereranya umwanya wagenwe hamwe nigihe cyihuta:
