Umuyoboro wa EPON ukoresha uburyo bwa FTTB kugirango ube urusobe, kandi igice cyibanze cyurusobe ni OLT na ONU.OLT itanga ibyambu byinshi bya PON kubikoresho byo mu biro byo guhuza ibikoresho bya ONU;ONU ni ibikoresho byabakoresha bitanga amakuru ajyanye nijwi ryijwi kugirango umenye serivisi zabakoresha.Kugirango hashyirwe mubikorwa serivisi zitandukanye, abakoresha batandukanye na serivise zitandukanye zirangwa hamwe na tagi zitandukanye za VLAN kugirango zohereze mu buryo bweruye kuri seriveri ihuye na seriveri ihuye, kandi ibimenyetso bya VLAN bihuye byambuwe kandi byoherezwa ku muyoboro wa IP kugira ngo wohereze.
1. Intangiriro y'urusobe rwa EPON
EPON (Umuyoboro wa Ethernet Passive Optical Network) ni tekinoroji ya optique ya fibre igera kumurongo.Ifata ingingo-kuri-kugwiza imiterere, uburyo bwogukwirakwiza fibre optique, bushingiye kumurongo wihuta wa Ethernet hamwe na TDM igihe cyo kugabana MAC (Media Access Control) uburyo bwo kugenzura itangazamakuru., Umuyoboro mugari wa tekinoroji utanga serivisi zitandukanye.Ibyo bita "passiyo" bivuze ko ODN idafite ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bikora nibikoresho bitanga ingufu, kandi bigizwe nibikoresho bya pasiporo nka optique itandukanya (Splitter).Ikoresha tekinoroji ya PON murwego rwumubiri, ikoresha protocole ya Ethernet murwego rwihuza, kandi ikamenya uburyo bwo kugera kuri Ethernet ukoresheje imiterere ya topologiya ya PON.Kubwibyo, ikomatanya ibyiza byikoranabuhanga rya PON hamwe na tekinoroji ya Ethernet: igiciro gito, umuvuduko mwinshi, ubunini bukomeye, kuvugurura serivisi byihuse kandi byihuse, guhuza na Ethernet ihari, kuyobora byoroshye nibindi.
EPON irashobora kumenya guhuza amajwi, amakuru, videwo na serivisi zigendanwa.Sisitemu ya EPON igizwe ahanini na OLT (umurongo wa optique), ONU (umuyoboro wa optique), ONT (umuyoboro wa optique) na ODN (umuyoboro wo gukwirakwiza optique).Injira.
Ibikoresho bifatika byurusobe birimo ibikoresho byo mu biro bikuru (OLT) hamwe nuyoboro wa optique (ONU).Ibikoresho bya Optical Network Units (ONUs) biha abakoresha intera iri hagati yamakuru, amashusho na terefone na PON.Igikorwa cyumwimerere cya ONU nukwakira ibimenyetso byinzira ya optique hanyuma ukabihindura muburyo busabwa numukoresha (Ethernet, gutangaza IP, terefone, T1 / E1, nibindi).Ibikoresho bya OLT bihujwe numuyoboro wa IP ukoresheje fibre optique.Itangizwa ryumuyoboro wa optique, ubwirinzi bwawo bugera kuri 20km, byemeza ko OLT ishobora kuzamurwa kugeza kuri metero gakondo ihuza imiyoboro kuva icyiciro cyambere cyo kubaka imiyoboro ya optique, bityo bikoroshya imiterere y'urusobekerane rw'urusobekerane rwo guhuza imiyoboro no kuzigama ingufu.umubare wibiro byanyuma.Mubyongeyeho, ibiranga ubushobozi bunini, kwaguka kwinshi kwinshi, kwizerwa cyane, hamwe na serivise nyinshi za QoS urwego rwo gushyigikira imiyoboro ya optique yinjira kandi bituma ihindagurika ryurusobe rwinjira muburyo bumwe, bwahujwe, kandi bukora neza.
2. Ihame ryibanze ryumuyoboro wa EPON
Sisitemu ya EPON ikoresha tekinoroji ya WDM kugirango imenye kwanduza fibre imwe ya fibre imwe, ikoresheje uplink 1310nm no kumanura uburebure bwa 1490nm kugirango wohereze amakuru nijwi, mugihe serivisi za CATV zikoresha uburebure bwa 1550nm.OLT ishyirwa ku biro bikuru bikarangira kugirango ikwirakwize kandi igenzure imiyoboro, kandi ifite ibikorwa nyabyo byo kugenzura, gucunga no gufata neza.ONU ishyirwa kuruhande rwabakoresha, kandi OLT na ONU bihujwe muburyo bwa 1: 16/1: 32 binyuze mumurongo wa optique wo gukwirakwiza.
Kugirango utandukanye ibimenyetso byuruzinduko rwabakoresha benshi kuri fibre imwe, tekinike ebyiri zikurikira zirashobora gukoreshwa.
1) Kumanura amakuru yimikorere ikoresha tekinoroji yo gutangaza.Muri EPON, inzira yo kohereza amakuru kumurongo kuva OLT kuri ONU nyinshi yoherejwe hakoreshejwe amakuru.Ibyatanzwe byanyuze munsi ya OLT kugeza kuri ONU nyinshi muburyo bwa pake ihindagurika.Buri paki yamakuru afite umutwe wa EPON, ugaragaza bidasanzwe niba paki yamakuru yoherejwe kuri ONU-1, ONU-2 cyangwa ONU-3.Irashobora kandi kumenyekana nkibikoresho byo gutangaza kuri ONU zose cyangwa mumatsinda yihariye ya ONU (paki nyinshi).Iyo amakuru ageze kuri ONU, ONU yakira kandi ikamenya paki yamakuru yoherejwe kuri aderesi ihuza, kandi ikajugunya amakuru yamakuru yoherejwe kubandi ONU.Nyuma yuko ONU yiyandikishije nkibikorwa, LLID idasanzwe yatanzwe;iyo OLT yakiriye amakuru, igereranya urutonde rwa LLID.Iyo ONU yakiriye amakuru, yakira gusa amakadiri cyangwa ikadiri yo gutangaza ihuye na LLID yayo.
2) Amakuru yimbere yo hejuru akoresha tekinoroji ya TDMA.OLT igereranya urutonde rwa LLID mbere yo kwakira amakuru;buri ONU yohereza amakadiri yamakuru mugihe cyagenwe kimwe n'ibikoresho byo mu biro bikuru OLT;umwanya wagenwe (binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rinini) wishyura intera iri hagati ya buri ONU kandi wirinda kugongana kwa ONU hagati.
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