Nuburyo bwiza bwo gutumanaho bukoreshwa kenshi.EPON ikoreshwa nabakoresha kugirango bahuze umuyoboro winjira.Muri iyi nyandiko, tekinoroji yingenzi ya EPON isobanuwe muri make, kandi ikoreshwa rya EPON mugutumanaho kwa optique ryatangijwe muburyo burambuye, kandi ihame ryubuhanga rirasesengurwa.
1.Uwitekaintroductionya EPON
PON ni igabanywa rya Passive Optical Network, ni tekinoroji ya optique yo gutezimbere yatunganijwe kugirango ishyigikire ingingo-kuri-kugwiza porogaramu. PON igizwe na Optical Line Terminal (OLT), Optical Network Unit (ONU) hamwe na Optical Distribution Network (ODN) .Its Ikintu cyingenzi ni uko ODN igizwe nibikoresho byoroshye, kandi ikimenyetso kiratatanwa kuva fibre imwe isangiwe optique kuri buri mukoresha kugiti cye. Iyi sisitemu yitwa Passive Optical Network kuko itandukanye numuhuza gakondo hagati yikigo biro hamwe nabakiriya, hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bituruka hagati yuru rusobe rwinjira. Usibye ibyiza byo kuzigama umutungo wa fibre, PON irashobora koroshya cyane imikorere no gufata neza sisitemu y'urusobe, bigira akamaro cyane mukugabanya ibiciro byubwubatsi nibikorwa. Byongeye , imiterere yibitangazamakuru byiza bya optique hamwe numuyoboro mugari wa optique fibre umuyoboro mugari byemeza umutekano tekinike yo kwagura ubucuruzi.
Ikoranabuhanga rya EPON rihuza tekinoroji ya Ethernet hamwe na tekinoroji ya PON kugirango tumenye ingingo-kuri-kugwiza umuvuduko mwinshi wa Ethernet fibre uburyo bworoshye.Uburyo bwa point-to-multipoint topology nuburyo bwuburyo bwemejwe na EPON, mugihe uburyo bwo gutangaza bukoreshwa kumurongo wo hasi na TDMA uburyo bukoreshwa murwego rwo hejuru, rushobora kumenya uburyo bubiri bwo kohereza amakuru.
2.Ibigize EPON
Nka tekinoroji-yo-kugwiza fibre ya tekinoroji, Passive Optical Network (PON) igizwe na Optical Line Terminal (OLT), umukoresha-uruhande rwa Optical Network Unit (ONU) hamwe na Optical Distribution Network (ODN).
2.1 KERA
Igihe kinini, OLT ishyirwa mubyumba byimashini.Itanga fibre optique urwitwazo rwumuyoboro wa optique muburyo bwo kumanuka, GE, 10baes-t, 100base-t, 10gbase-x nizindi ntera mu cyerekezo cyo hejuru, kandi OLT ishyigikira interineti ya EI kugirango tumenye amajwi ya TDM.
2.2 ONU / ONT
ONU / ONT ishyirwa kumukoresha wanyuma, cyane cyane ukoresheje protocole ya Ethernet kugirango umenye kwimura mucyo amakuru yumukoresha.Amakuru arashobora koherezwa hagati ya OLT na ONU.
2.3 ODN
Nka shami rya fibre ya pasiporo, ODN ihuza ibikoresho bya pasiporo ya OLT na ONU.Igikorwa nyamukuru cya ODN nugukwirakwiza amakuru yamanutse no guhuza amakuru ya uplink.Kubera ko ari imikorere ya passiyo, kohereza pasiporo igabanya ibintu byoroshye kandi bikwiranye nibidukikije byinshi.Mu buryo busanzwe, buri POS ifite igipimo cya 8, 16, 32 cyangwa 64, kandi irashobora guhuzwa murwego rwinshi.
3.Introductionof key tIkoranabuhangaof EPON
3.1Dbasfor dibyiringirobn'ubugariaAhantu
Igihe nyacyo (ms / us ubunini) gihindura uburyo bwogukwirakwiza umurongo wa buri OUN kuri EPON, uzwi nka dinamike ya bande ya algorithm.Muri EPON, niba umurongo wagabanijwe muburyo buhamye, noneho serivise yo kohereza amakuru kubitumanaho ntibikwiye.Niba Umuyoboro mugari utangwa muburyo bwihuse, umuvuduko wa sisitemu yose uzaba unaniwe mugihe gito.W igipimo cyumuvuduko mwinshi ntabwo kiri hejuru, kurundi ruhande, kugaburira umurongo wa dinamike bizamura imikoreshereze yumurongo wa sisitemu. Ibisabwa bya serivisi bitunguranye bya ONU birashobora kugerwaho na DBA.Guhindura umurongo wa dinamike hagati ya ONU birashobora kunoza imikorere ya PON hejuru yumurongo mugari.Ku rwego rwo kunoza imikorere yimikoreshereze yumurongo mugari, abakoresha W benshi barashobora kongerwaho kuri PON ihari, kandi agaciro kangana numurongo W abakoresha bashobora kugeraho barashobora kugereranwa cyangwa ndetse kurenza umurongo wuburyo bwa gakondo bwo kugabura.
Igenzura ryibanze nuburyo bwo kugabura kwaguka.Ubu buryo nubutumwa bwose bwo hejuru bwa ONU, bukoreshwa kuri OLT kumuyoboro mugari, hanyuma OLT ukurikije icyifuzo cya ONU ukurikije algorithm ijyanye numuyoboro mugari wabariwe kuri W.The igitekerezo cyibanze cyo kugena algorithm ni uko buri ONU lee uplink ishobora kugabanya igihe cyo kugabura kwakagari no gusaba umurongo mugari. Ukurikije icyifuzo cya buri ONU, OLT itanga umurongo mugari muburyo bwiza kandi bushyize mu gaciro, kandi ikemura ibibazo birenze urugero, kode yamakuru, selile igihombo, n'ibindi.
3.2Ongera ukoreshe tekinoroji ya uplink umuyoboro
Kugeza ubu, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryingenzi ni igihe cyo kugabana inshuro nyinshi zo kugwiza (TDMA), zishobora gukoreshwa icyarimwe umwanya wo kugabana umwanya wo kugwiza, kugaburira igihe cyo kubara inshuro nyinshi kugwiza ibintu byinshi, uburyo butemewe nibindi.Nyamara, M - igihe - umwanya wigihe - kugabana kugwiza kugabanura bifite ibitagenda neza.Urugero, mugihe bimwe mubihe umwanya udakoreshwa, bifata umurongo mugari, kuburyo serivise yo hejuru ya serivise ihindagurika idakomeye bihagije. ONU ikeneye guhuza hamwe nubundi buryo butemewe bwo kubona nta a igihe runaka cyo kwinjira. Kubwibyo, igihe cyibarurishamibare kugabana inshuro nyinshi kugwiza gukoreshwa muri rusange nyuma yo kugereranya ibura ryibiri.Iyo ikimenyetso cya uplink cyoherejwe, ikadiri ya Ethernet yoherejwe mugihe cyagenwe ONU yagabanijwe, nubunini bwa amakuru yatanzwe na statistique multiplexing ikoreshwa muguhindura ingano yigihe cyagenwe.
3.3 OLT iringaniza kandi itinza tekinoroji yindishyi hamwe na tekinoroji ya ONU
Kuberako umuyoboro wo hejuru wa EPON UKORESHA TDMA, kubona ingingo nyinshi bituma ikadiri yamakuru yatinze kuri buri ONU itandukanye, bityo tekinoroji yo gutandukanya no gutinda indishyi yatangijwe kugirango hirindwe kugwirirana kwamakuru mugihe cyagenwe.Mu rwego rwo kwirinda kugongana kwigihe indangarubuga, gupima intera no gutinda kwikoranabuhanga indishyi bigomba gukoreshwa muguhuza icyuho cyose cyigihe cyurusobe.Muri ubu buryo, paki zigera kumwanya wagenwe ukurikije algorithm ya DBA hanyuma ugashyiramo plug hanyuma ugakinira ONU. Gupima intera kuri buri ONU kuri OLT neza no guhindura itinda ryogukwirakwiza kwa ONU neza birashobora kugabanya intera iri hagati yo kohereza Windows yoherejwe na ONU, kunoza imikoreshereze yumuyoboro wa uplink no kugabanya ubukererwe. Urutonde rwa EPON rwatangijwe kandi rwuzuzwa mugihe kimwe OLT irengana, kuranga icyarimwe ko gucomeka no gukina bya ONU byamenyekanye.
3.4Kohereza no kwakira ibimenyetso biturika
Kubera ko ibimenyetso biturika bya buri ONU byakiriwe na OLT, OLT igomba kumenya guhuza icyiciro mugihe runaka hanyuma ikakira amakuru.Ibi bisaba gukoresha ibikoresho bya optique bishobora gushyigikira ibimenyetso biturika muri ONU na OLT. Ibikoresho byinshi bya optique ntibishobora guhura iki gisabwa, numubare muto wuburyo bwa optique ibikoresho bya optique bifite umuvuduko wakazi ugera kuri 155M, ugereranije nigiciro kinini.Nuko rero, kugirango tumenye uburyo bwo guturika neza, tekiniki zidasanzwe zikoreshwa muburyo bwo kwakira.Amashanyarazi ya optique yaturika agomba kuba ashoboye gufunga no gufungura byihuse kandi agashyiraho ibimenyetso byihuse.Niyo mpamvu, moderi gakondo ya electro-optique ihindura moderi ikoresha igenzura ryikora ryikora hamwe nibitekerezo ntigikwiriye gukoreshwa, ariko gisaba lazeri hamwe nigisubizo cyihuse. kwakira iherezo ryakira ibimenyetso byerekana urumuri rwa buri mukoresha biratandukanye ndetse birahinduka.Kubwibyo, muguturika kwakirwa, urwego rwo kwakira (urwego) rugomba guhinduka igihe cyose ikimenyetso gishya cyakiriwe.
4.Gukoresha itumanaho rya fibre optique muri selire
ONU irashobora gushirwa kuruhande rwabakiriya (FTTH) cyangwa kuri koridor (FTTB), ariko ibi biri mubireba selile. Muburyo bwa FTTH, umubare wabakoresha nturamenyekana.Muri iki kibazo, kugirango tunonosore igipimo cyimikoreshereze yibikoresho, gabanya ibiciro kandi byorohereze kubungabunga. Igenamiterere rya optique igabanya cyane, hamwe no gukoresha urwego rwo gukwirakwiza urumuri, gushiraho umwanya wibintu byinshi muri mudasobwa icyumba cyabaturage cyangwa umuganda imbere mumasanduku yohereza urumuri.Nyuma yubwubatsi muri ubwo buryo, uko umubare wabakoresha wiyongera cyangwa ugabanuka, imikoreshereze yibikoresho irashobora kwiyongera.Ariko, mugihe umubare wabakoresha ari munini, gukenera kubona fibre optique nabyo biziyongera cyane.Mu gihe muburyo bwa FTTB, OMU yashyizwe muri koridor, naho optique igashyirwaho muburyo bumwe na FTTH.Ubu buryo bwo kugera bukorwa muri koridor.
Umwanzuro
Ikoranabuhanga rya EPON rifite ibyiza byinshi, nko gukwirakwiza kwagutse kubakoresha, umuvuduko mwinshi wo hejuru no kumanuka, uburyo bwiza bwo gukwirakwiza optique, kubika umutungo wa fibre kuva kumurongo kugeza kumurongo uhuza ingingo nyinshi nibindi.Ku makuru yijwi, amashusho menshi ya serivise hamwe nabatwara -igikorwa cyiza cyagenewe imyubakire ya tekiniki, ariko kandi ifite pasiporo, nta mashanyarazi yumuriro wa elegitoroniki yumuriro no kurengera ibidukikije.Nkubu buryo bwikoranabuhanga ryitumanaho ryiza, tekinoroji ya EPON ifite akamaro gakomeye.Nkimwe mubikoranabuhanga bikuru bizaza, ikoranabuhanga rya EPON rifite ibiranga yo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y’ibidukikije byoherezwa, kwizerwa cyane no kubungabunga ibidukikije, bigahinduka amahitamo meza yo kubaka umuyoboro mugari uzaza.