Isandulelo: I-fiber yokuxhumana ihlukaniswe yaba i-fiber yemodi eyodwa kanye ne-multimode fiber ngokusho kwenani lezindlela zokudlulisela ngaphansi kwe-wavelength yesicelo sayo.Ngenxa yobubanzi obukhulu obuyinhloko be-multimode fiber, ingasetshenziswa ngemithombo yokukhanya engabizi kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, inezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimweni zokudlulisa amabanga amafushane, njengezikhungo zedatha kanye namanethiwekhi wendawo wendawo.Ngokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kokwakhiwa kwesikhungo sedatha eminyakeni yamuva, i-multimode fiber, okuyiyona ehamba phambili yesikhungo sedatha kanye nendawo yendawo. izinhlelo zokusebenza zenethiwekhi, iphinde yangenisa entwasahlobo, okubangela ukukhathazeka okusabalele.Namuhla, ake sikhulume ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-multimode fiber.
Ngokuvumelana nokucaciswa okujwayelekile kwe-ISO/IEC 11801, i-multimode fiber ihlukaniswe izigaba ezinhlanu ezinkulu: OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4, kanye ne-OM5. Ukuxhumana kwayo ne-IEC 60792-2-10 kuboniswe kuThebula 1.Phakathi kwabo i-OM1, OM2 ibhekisela ku-62.5/125mm yendabuko kanye ne-50/125mm ye-multimode fiber.I-OM3, OM4 ne-OM5 ibhekisela ku-50/125mm 10 Gigabit multimode fiber entsha.
Okokuqala:i-multimode fiber yendabuko
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-multimode fiber kwaqala ngawo-1970 kanye nawo-1980.Imicu yakudala ye-multimode yayihlanganisa osayizi abaningi, futhi izinhlobo ezine zosayizi ezifakwe ezindinganisweni ze-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) zazihlanganisa ezine.I-core cladding diameter ihlukaniswe yaba ngu-50/125 μm, 62.5/125 μm, 85/125 μm, kanye no-100/ 140 μm.Ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu be-core cladding, izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphezulu, ukumelana nokugoba kumpofu, inani lezindlela zokudlulisa liyakhula, futhi umkhawulokudonsa uyancipha.Ngakho-ke, uhlobo losayizi omkhulu we-core cladding luyaqedwa kancane kancane, bese kwakheka amasayizi amabili ayinhloko wokuvala.Ziyi-50/125 μm kanye ne-62.5/125 μm, ngokulandelana.
Kunethiwekhi yendawo yasekuqaleni, ukuze kwehliswe izindleko zesistimu yenethiwekhi yendawo ngangokunokwenzeka, i-LED ebiza kancane yayivame ukusetshenziswa njengomthombo wokukhanya.Ngenxa yamandla aphansi okukhipha i-LED, i-Divergence Angle inkulu uma kuqhathaniswa. .Kodwa-ke, ububanzi obuyisisekelo kanye nokuvuleka kwezinombolo kwefayibha yemodi eningi engu-50/125mm kuncane uma kuqhathaniswa, okungahambisani nokuhlangana kahle ne-LED.Ngokuqondene ne-62.5/125mm ye-multi-mode fiber enobubanzi obukhulu bomgogodla kanye nendawo yokuvula izinombolo, amandla amaningi okubona angahlanganiswa ne-optical link. maphakathi nawo-1990.
Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwezinga lokudluliswa kwe-LAN, kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, i-LAN iye yathuthukiswa ngaphezu kwezinga le-lGb/s.Umkhawulokudonsa we-62.5/125μm multimode fiber ene-LED njengomthombo wokukhanya kancane kancane ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo.Ngokuphambene, i-50/125mm i-multimode fiber inombobo wenombolo encane kanye nobubanzi bomnyombo, nezindlela zokuqhuba ezimbalwa.Ngakho-ke, imodi ukuhlakazwa kwe-multi-mode fiber kuncishiswa ngempumelelo, futhi umkhawulokudonsa ukhuphuka kakhulu.Ngenxa yobubanzi obuncane bomgogodla, izindleko zokukhiqiza ze-50/125mm ye-multi-mode fiber nayo iphansi, ngakho isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi.
Izinga le-IEEE 802.3z Gigabit Ethernet licacisa ukuthi i-multimode engu-50/125mm kanye ne-62.5/125mm multimode fibers ingasetshenziswa njengemidiya yokudlulisela ye-Gigabit Ethernet.Nokho, kumanethiwekhi amasha, i-50/125mm multimode fiber ngokuvamile ikhethwa.
Okwesibili:i-laser optimized multimode fiber
Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, kwavela i-850 nm VCSEL (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) Amalaser e-VCSEL asetshenziswa kakhulu ngoba ashibhile kunama-laser anobude begagasi elide futhi angakhuphula isivinini senethiwekhi. ama-laser we-wavelength futhi angakhuphula isivinini senethiwekhi.Ngenxa yomehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zamadivayisi akhipha ukukhanya, i-fiber ngokwayo kufanele ilungiswe ukuze ivumelane nezinguquko emthonjeni wokukhanya.
Ngezidingo zamalaser e-VCSEL, i-International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC) kanye neTelecommunications Industry Alliance (TIA) bahlele ngokuhlanganyela izinga elisha le-multimode fiber enomgogodla ongu-50mm.ISO/IEC ihlukanisa isizukulwane esisha ye-multimode fiber esigabeni se-OM3 (i-IEC standard A1a.2) ebangeni layo elisha le-multimode fiber, okuyi-laser-optimized multimode fiber.
Ifayibha eyalandela ye-OM4 empeleni iyinguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-OM3 ye-multimode fiber.Uma iqhathaniswa ne-OM3 fiber, izinga le-OM4 lithuthukisa kuphela inkomba yomkhawulokudonsa wefayibha.Okungukuthi, izinga le-OM4 fiber liye lathuthukisa umkhawulokudonsa wemodi esebenzayo (EMB) kanye nomkhawulokudonsa womjovo ogcwele. (OFL) ku-850 nm uma kuqhathaniswa ne-OM3 fiber.Njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuThebula lesi-2 ngezansi.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokudlulisela ku-multimode fiber, futhi inkinga yokumelana nokugoba kwe-fiber nayo yenziwa.Uma i-fiber igobile, imodi ye-oda eliphezulu ivuza kalula, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwesignali, okungukuthi, ukulahlekelwa kwe-fiber egobile.Ngokwanda kwenani lezimo zohlelo lokusebenza lwangaphakathi, i-wiring ye-multimode fiber endaweni encane ibeke. phambili izidingo eziphakeme zokumelana nokugoba kwayo.
Ngokungafani nephrofayili yenkomba ye-refractive elula ye-fiber yemodi eyodwa, iphrofayili yenkomba ye-refractive ye-multimode fiber iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, idinga umklamo wephrofayela yenkomba ecwebe kakhulu kanye nenqubo yokwenziwa. Ukulungiswa okunembile kakhulu kwe-multimode fiber kuyinqubo ye-plasma chemical weather deposition (PCVD), emelelwa yiNkampani ye-Changfei. Le nqubo ihluke kwezinye izinqubo ngoba inongqimba olubekiwe lwezingqimba eziyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa kanye nogqinsi olungaba yi-micron eyi-1 kuphela ungqimba ngalunye ngesikhathi. i-deposition, evumela ukulawulwa kwejika le-ultra-fine refractive ukuze kuzuzwe umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu.
Ngokulungiselela iphrofayili yenkomba ye-refractive ye-multimode fiber, i-multimode fiber egobayo inentuthuko enkulu ekuphikiseni ukugoba, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1 ngezansi.
Umdwebo.1 Ukuqhathaniswa kokusebenza kwe-macrobend phakathi kwe-multimode fiber engagobi kanye ne-multimode fiber evamile
Okwesithathu:i-multimode fiber (OM5)
I-OM3 fibre kanye ne-OM4 fibre kuyi-multimode fiber esetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ebhendini engu-850nm. Njengoba izinga lokudlulisela liqhubeka nokukhula, umklamo webhendi owodwa kuphela ozoholela ezindlekweni zokufaka izintambo eziqinile, futhi izindleko ezihambisanayo zokuphatha nezokugcina zizokwenyuka ngokufanele. .Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe bazama ukwethula umqondo we-wavelength division multiplexing ohlelweni lokudlulisa i-multimode.Uma amaza amaza amaningi angadluliswa ngefayibha eyodwa, inombolo ehambisanayo yefayibha ehambisanayo kanye nezindleko zokubeka nokunakekela zingancishiswa kakhulu.Kulo mongo, i-OM5 fiber yaba khona.
I-OM5 multimode fiber isekelwe ku-OM4 fiber, eyandisa isiteshi somkhawulokudonsa ophezulu futhi isekela izinhlelo zokusebenza zokudlulisela kusuka ku-850nm kuya ku-950nm. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zamanje ezijwayelekile ziyimiklamo ye-SWDM4 ne-SR4.2.I-SWDM4 i-wavelength division multiplexing yamagagasi amane amafushane, angu-850 nm, 880 nm, 910 nm, no-940 nm, ngokulandelana.I-SR4.2 iyi-multiplexing ye-wavelength division multiplexing, esetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ubuchwepheshe be-bidirectional ye-fiber eyodwa.I-OM5 ingafaniswa namalaser e-VCSEL ngokusebenza okuphansi kanye nezindleko eziphansi ukuhlangabezana kangcono nokuxhumana okude njengezikhungo zedatha.Ithebula lesi-3 elingezansi lithi ukuqhathaniswa kokucaciswa komkhawulokudonsa oyinhloko wezintambo ze-OM4 ne-OM5.
Njengamanje, i-OM5 fiber isetshenziswe njengohlobo olusha lwefayibha ye-multimode ephezulu.Elinye lamacala amakhulu ebhizinisi yicala lezentengiselwano le-OM5 lesikhungo sedatha esikhulu se-Changfei kanye ne-China Railways Corporation.Isikhungo sedatha sihlose izinzuzo zohlelo lokusebenza lwe-OM5 I-OM5 fibre ohlelweni lokuhlukanisa amaza we-SR4.2.Ifinyelela izinga eliphezulu lokuxhumana ngenani eliphansi kakhulu, futhi ilungiselela izinga eliqhubekayo lokuthuthukisa esikhathini esizayo.Izinga lesikhathi esizayo lizonyuswa libe ngu-100Gb/s noma ngisho no-400Gb./s, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-wideband, azisakwazi ukufaka i-fiber, zehlisa kakhulu izindleko zokuthuthukisa esikhathini esizayo.
Isifingqo: Njengoba isidingo sezinhlelo zokusebenza siqhubeka nokwanda, i-multimode fiber iqhubekela ekulahlekeni okugoba okuphansi, umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, kanye ne-multi-wavelength multiplexing.Phakathi kwayo, isicelo esingase sibe khona kakhulu i-OM5 fiber, enokusebenza okuphelele kwe-multimode fiber yamanje, futhi inikeza isisombululo se-fiber esinamandla sezinhlelo eziningi ze-wavelength ze-100Gb / s kanye ne-400Gb / s esikhathini esizayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ze-high-speed, high-bandwidth, ukuxhumana kwedatha yedatha ephansi, i-multimode entsha. amafayibha, njengemicu eyodwa ye-multimode general-purpose fibers, nayo iyathuthukiswa.Esikhathini esizayo, i-Changfei izokwethula izixazululo ezintsha ze-multimode fibre nontanga bemboni, ilethe impumelelo entsha kanye nezindleko eziphansi ezikhungweni zedatha kanye ne-fiber optic interconnects.