I-Optical fiber iyifayibha esobala eguquguqukayo eyenziwe ngengilazi ekhishwe noma ipulasitiki, ejiyile kancane kunezinwele zomuntu.I-Optical fiber iyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokudlulisa ukukhanya emikhawulweni yomibili, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kwe-optical fiber.I-Optical fiber inebanga elide lokudlulisela kanye nomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu kunekhebula enezintambo.I-Optical fibre ngokuvamile iqukethe inkomba ebonisa ngale core ephansi-refractive-index kanye nempahla yokuvala ekhanyelayo.I-fiber optical isebenza njenge-conductor yamaza okukhanya, ebangela ukubonakaliswa okuphelele kokukhanya ku-fiber core.
Ngokuvamile, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemicu yokubona: lezo ezisekela izindlela eziningi zokusakazeka noma izindlela eziguquguqukayo zibizwa ngokuthi ama-multimode fibers (MMF), kanti lawo asekela imodi eyodwa abizwa ngokuthi ama-single mode fibers (SMF).Kodwa yini umehluko phakathi kwabo?Ukufunda lesi sihloko kuzokusiza uthole impendulo.
1. Iyini i-fiber yemodi eyodwa?
Ekuxhumaneni kwe-fiber optical, i-fiber yemodi eyodwa (i-SMF) iyi-fiber optical ehambisa ngokuqondile amasignali optical kwimodi ebheke eceleni.I-fiber yemodi eyodwa isebenza ngenani ledatha elingu-100M/s noma i-1 G/s, futhi ibanga lokudlulisela lingafinyelela okungenani amakhilomitha angu-5.Ngokuvamile, i-fiber yemodi eyodwa isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa isignali okukude.
2. Iyini i-multimode fiber?
I-Multimode fiber (MMF) isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuxhumana ngefayibha yamabanga amafushane, njengasemabhilidini noma emakhempasi.Ijubane lokudlulisela elijwayelekile lingu-100M/s, ibanga lokudlulisela lingafinyelela ku-2km (100BASE-FX), 1 G/s lingafinyelela ku-1000m, 10 G/s lingafinyelela ku-550m.Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zenkomba ye-refractive: inkomba yezinga kanye ne-step index.
3. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-single-mode ne-multimode fiber?
1. I-diameter eyinhloko
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-multimode ne-single-mode fiber ukuthi eyokuqala inobubanzi obukhudlwana, ngokuvamile ububanzi obuyingqikithi obungu-50 noma 62.5 µm, kuyilapho ifayibha yemodi eyodwa evamile inobubanzi obungu-8 no-10 µm, iphakheji yakho kokubili. Amadayamitha wesendlalelo wonke angu-125µm.
2. Umthombo wokukhanya
Ngokuvamile i-laser ne-LED isetshenziswa njengemithombo yokukhanya.Imithombo yokukhanya ye-laser ibiza kakhulu kunemithombo yokukhanya ye-LED ngoba ukukhanya okukhiqizayo kungalawulwa ngokunembile futhi kunamandla aphezulu.Ukukhanya okukhiqizwa yimithombo yokukhanya ye-LED kuhlakazeke kakhulu (izindlela eziningi zokukhanya), futhi le mithombo yokukhanya isetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-multimode fiber jumpers.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umthombo wokukhanya we-laser (okhiqiza ukukhanya eduze kwemodi eyodwa) uvame ukusetshenziselwa ama-fiber jumper emodi eyodwa.
3. Umkhawulokudonsa
Ngenxa yokuthi i-multimode fiber inosayizi oyinhloko omkhulu kunefayibha yemodi eyodwa, isekela izindlela zokudlulisa eziningi.Ukwengeza, njengemicu ye-multimode, imicu yemodi eyodwa iphinde ibonise ukuhlakazeka kwe-modal okubangelwa izindlela eziningi zendawo, kodwa ukuhlakazeka kwe-modal kwemicu yemodi eyodwa kuncane kunemicu ye-multimode.Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, i-fiber yemodi eyodwa inomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu kune-multimode fiber.
4. Umbala womgodla
Umbala wejazi ngezinye izikhathi usetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa i-multimode fiber jumpers kusuka ku-multimode fiber jumpers.Ngokuya ngencazelo evamile ye-TIA-598C, kwizicelo ezingezona ezezempi, imicu yokubona yemodi eyodwa isebenzisa ijakhethi yangaphandle ephuzi, futhi imicu ye-optical enemodi eminingi isebenzisa ijakhethi yangaphandle ewolintshi noma e-aqua-green.Ngokusho kwezinhlobo ezahlukene, abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa okunsomi ukuhlukanisa i-OM4 fiber esebenza kahle kwezinye izinhlobo zefiber.
5. Ukuhlakazeka kwe-Modal
Imithombo yokukhanya ye-LED ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa ku-multimode fiber ukudala uchungechunge lwamaza amaza asakazeka ngesivinini esihlukile.Lokhu kuzoholela ekuhlakazweni kwezindlela eziningi, okukhawulela ibanga elisebenzayo lokudlulisela lama-multi-mode fiber jumpers.Ngokuphambene, i-laser esetshenziselwa ukushayela i-fibre yemodi eyodwa ikhiqiza ubude bezaza obubodwa bokukhanya.Ngakho-ke, ukuhlakazeka kwayo kwe-modal kuncane kakhulu kune-multimode fiber.Ngenxa yokuhlakazeka kwe-modal, i-multimode fiber inezinga eliphezulu lokunwetshwa kwe-pulse kune-fiber yemodi eyodwa, ekhawulela umthamo wokudlulisa ulwazi we-multimode fiber.
6. Inani
Ukuze i-multimode fiber ingasekela izindlela eziningi zokubona, intengo yayo iphakeme kune-fiber yemodi eyodwa.Kodwa mayelana nemishini, njengoba i-fiber yemodi eyodwa ngokuvamile isebenzisa ama-solid-state laser diode, okokusebenza kwe-fiber yemodi eyodwa kubiza kakhulu kunemishini ye-multimode fiber.Ngakho-ke, izindleko zokusebenzisa i-multimode fiber zincane kakhulu kunezindleko zokusebenzisa i-singlemode fiber.
4. Hlobo luni lwefiber okufanele lukhethwe?
Cabangela ibanga lokudlulisela elikhavwe kanye nesabelomali sisonke.Uma ibanga lingaphansi kwamamayela ambalwa, i-multimode fiber izosebenza kahle, futhi izindleko zesistimu yokudlulisela (umthumeli nomamukeli) zizosukela ku-3300 yuan kuya ku-5300 yuan.Uma ibanga elimboziwe lidlula amakhilomitha angu-6-10, kufanele kukhethwe i-fiber yemodi eyodwa, kodwa ngenxa yezindleko ezikhulayo zama-laser diode, izindleko zohlelo lokudlulisela ngokuvamile zizodlula ama-yuan angu-6700.