Ndi chitukuko cha mizinda yamakono kupita ku ntchito zambiri, maonekedwe a m'matauni akukhala ovuta kwambiri, ndipo pali mazana, mazana, kapena masauzande a malo owunikira.Kuwonetsetsa kuti madipatimenti ogwira ntchito atha kuzindikira zithunzi zamavidiyo nthawi yeniyeni, zomveka bwino komanso zapamwamba kwambiri, Yang'anani kupsinjika kwa zida za fiber optic.Kuphatikiza apo, m'ntchito zamasiku ano zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira komanso zovuta m'matauni, kuyalanso zingwe za fiber-optic sikungodula kwambiri, koma kulumikizana pakati pamagulu onse ndikovuta kwambiri.Poganizira zimenezi, tingathetse bwanji mavutowa?
M'malo mwake, vuto lomwelo lidakumanapo pakumanga kwa FTTH (Fiber to Home) ndi ogwira ntchito patelefoni.Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, perekani kusewera kwathunthu kwaubwino wa bandwidth wa fiber optical, kuthetsa kusowa kwa zinthu za fiber optical, ndikuwongolera kudalirika kwa maukonde, oyendetsa ma telecommunication asankha ukadaulo wa PON (passive optical network).Ukadaulowu ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito pakuwunika maukonde achitetezo.
PON (PassiveOpticalNetwork) ndi netiweki yopanda mawonekedwe.Network optical network imaphatikizapo optical line terminal (OLT) yomwe imayikidwa pakati pa siteshoni yoyang'anira, ndi ma matching optical network units (ONU) omwe amaikidwa m'malo a wogwiritsa ntchito.The optical distribution network (ODN) pakati pa OLT ndi ONU ili ndi ma optical fibers ndi passive optical splitters kapena ma couplers.
Passive Optical network ilibe zida zilizonse zogwira ntchito kuyambira pakati mpaka pa netiweki yokhazikika.M'malo mwake, zida za passive optical zimayikidwa mu netiweki ndipo magalimoto opatsirana amatsogozedwa ndikulekanitsa mphamvu ya kuwala kwa mawonekedwe panjira yonseyo.Kusintha kumeneku kumathetsa kufunikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kuti apereke ndi kusunga zida zogwira ntchito panjira yotumizira, zomwe zimapulumutsa kwambiri ndalama za ogwiritsa ntchito.Passive Optical splitters ndi ma couplers amangogwira ntchito yopatsira ndi kuchepetsa kuwala, safuna magetsi ndi kukonza chidziwitso, ndipo amakhala ndi nthawi yopanda malire pakati pa zolephera, zomwe zingachepetse ndalama zokonzekera mozungulira.
Ubwino waukadaulo wa PON umawonekera makamaka pazinthu izi:
1. Optical fiber access network ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera chitukuko chamtsogolo, makamaka teknoloji ya PON yatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri pamakono ophatikizana a burodibandi.
2. Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito teknoloji ya PON, makina onse ogawa optical gawidwe, ndipo passive optical network ndi yaying'ono kukula kwake komanso yosavuta mu zipangizo.Poyerekeza ndi maukonde a chingwe chamkuwa, PON imatha kuchepetsa mtengo wokonza ndi kugwirira ntchito, ndikupewa kwathunthu kusokonezedwa ndi ma elekitiroma ndi kusokoneza kwa mphezi.
3. The passive ONU (optical network unit) ya PON sichifuna mphamvu zamagetsi, zomwe sizimangochotsa mndandanda wa mavuto a magetsi, komanso zimakhala zodalirika kuposa zida zogwira ntchito.
4. Chifukwa chakuti zigawo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso njira yotumizira ma fiber optical imagawidwa, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa network yonse ya kuwala ndi wotsika.
5. PON ndi yowonekera kwa njira yotumizira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wina, ndipo ndizosavuta kukweza.
Tekinoloje ya PON yakhala chisankho choyamba chamakampani cha fiber-to-the-home (FTTH).Ukadaulo wa PON umagwiritsa ntchito topology ya point-to-multipoint, ndipo downlink ndi uplink imatumiza deta kudzera mu TDM ndi TDMA motsatana.Mtunda wapakati pa OLT ndi ONU ukhoza kufika ku 20km, mlingo wotumizira ndi bidirectional symmetrical 1Gbps, ndipo chiŵerengero chachikulu chogawanika chimathandizira 1:32 kapena kuposa.Itha kugawika mulingo umodzi kapena ma splitter angapo mu cascade.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa PON kumatha kuthetseratu mayendedwe owunikira ma network ndi malire a mtunda.Zida za OLT kumbali ya ofesi zimayikidwa mu chipinda chaofesi kumbali ya ofesi.Multilevel Optical splitting imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira kutumizidwa kosinthika kwa mfundo.Kamera ya network ya ONU + imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chophatikizira.ONU ikhoza kukhala kusintha kwa PoE ndi ntchito ya PON.Kuchipinda chowunikira makasitomala ndi seva yosungira.Ikhoza kuyang'aniridwa mu chipinda chowunikira mu nthawi yeniyeni, ndipo deta ya kanema imatumizidwa ku seva yosungiramo nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimathandizira kusonkhanitsa umboni pambuyo pake.
Masiku ano, "kupita patsogolo kwa kuwala ndi kuchotsa mkuwa", kufalikira kwa teknoloji ya PON ndikofunikira kwambiri.Fengrunda adayambitsa zida za OLT ndi ONU, komanso kuthandizira mayankho achitetezo a PON, ndipo poyamba adayambitsa kusintha kwa PoE ndi ntchito ya PON, yomwe idapanga kusiyana kwa ONU popanda PoE pamsika wapano.Dongosolo loyang'anira makanema akutali pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa PON amathetsa mavuto a malo owunikira komanso ovuta komanso zida zolimba m'mizinda yamakono.Ili ndi maubwino osayerekezeka pazinthu zambiri monga kasinthidwe ka netiweki, zida za fiber, mtundu wamavidiyo, komanso kudalirika.Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zowunikira mavidiyo akutali kumapereka njira zabwino kwambiri zothetsera maukonde.