1 Intangiriro
PoE nayo yitwa Imbaraga hejuru ya LAN (PoL) cyangwa Ethernet ikora, rimwe na rimwe byitwa Imbaraga hejuru ya Ethernet mugihe gito.Nibisanzwe bigezweho byerekana insinga zisanzwe zohereza za Ethernet zohereza amakuru nimbaraga icyarimwe, kandi bigakomeza guhuza na sisitemu ya Ethernet hamwe nabakoresha.IEEE 802.3af isanzwe ni igipimo gishya gishingiye kuri POE ya sisitemu ya Power-over-Ethernet.Yongeraho ibipimo bifitanye isano no gutanga amashanyarazi ataziguye binyuze mumurongo wa neti hashingiwe kuri IEEE 802.3.Nukwagura ibipimo bisanzwe bya Ethernet nibisanzwe mpuzamahanga mpuzamahanga byo gukwirakwiza ingufu.bisanzwe.
IEEE yatangiye guteza imbere ibipimo mu 1999, kandi abacuruzi ba mbere bitabiriye ni 3Com, Intel, PowerDsine, Nortel, Mitel, na Semiconductor yigihugu.Ariko, kubura ibipimo ngenderwaho byagabanije kwagura isoko.Kugeza muri Kamena 2003, IEEE yemeje ibipimo 802.3af, byagaragazaga neza ibintu byo kugenzura no kugenzura ibintu muri sisitemu ya kure, hamwe na router, switch, hamwe na hub kuri terefone ya IP, sisitemu z'umutekano, hamwe n'umuyoboro w’akarere utagira umugozi ukoresheje insinga za Ethernet.Uburyo bwo gutanga amashanyarazi kumanota nibindi bikoresho birateganijwe.Iterambere rya IEEE 802.3af ririmo imbaraga zinzobere nyinshi zamasosiyete, nazo zituma ibipimo bipimwa byuzuye.
Imbaraga zisanzwe kuri sisitemu ya Ethernet.Shira ibikoresho bya enterineti ya Ethernet mumashanyarazi, hanyuma ukoreshe hagati ya hub hagati hamwe na power power kugirango utange ingufu kubigorezo bya LAN.Iyo iherezo ryombi ryagoretse, amashanyarazi akoreshwa kuri terefone zikoresha amashanyarazi, aho zidafite umugozi, kamera, nibindi bikoresho.Kugira ngo wirinde umuriro w'amashanyarazi, UPS irashobora gukoreshwa.
Ihame 2
Umuyoboro usanzwe wo mucyiciro cya 5 ufite ibice bine byerekeranye, ariko bibiri gusa muribyo bikoreshwa muri l0M BASE-T na 100M BASE-T.IEEE80 2.3af yemerera imikoreshereze ibiri.Iyo pin idafite akamaro ikoreshwa mugutanga amashanyarazi, pin 4 na 5 zahujwe nka pole nziza, naho pin 7 na 8 zahujwe nka pole mbi.
Iyo data pin ikoreshwa mugutanga amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi ya DC yongeweho hagati ya transfert yohereza, ntabwo bigira ingaruka kumibare.Muri ubu buryo, guhuza 1, 2 na 3, 6 birashobora kugira polarite iyo ari yo yose.
Ibipimo ntabwo byemerera ikoreshwa ryibintu byavuzwe haruguru icyarimwe.Ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi PSE irashobora gutanga imikoreshereze imwe gusa, ariko ibikoresho byo gukoresha amashanyarazi PD igomba kuba ishobora guhuza nibihe byombi icyarimwe.Igipimo giteganya ko amashanyarazi ari 48V, 13W.Biroroshye ko ibikoresho bya PD bitanga 48V kumashanyarazi make, ariko mugihe kimwe bigomba kugira voltage yumutekano wa insuline ya 1500V.
Ibipimo 3
Sisitemu yuzuye ya POE ikubiyemo ibice bibiri: ibikoresho byo gutanga amashanyarazi (PSE) nibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi (PD).Igikoresho cya PSE nigikoresho gitanga ingufu kubikoresho byabakiriya ba Ethernet, kandi nubuyobozi bwibikorwa byose bya POE Ethernet.Igikoresho cya PD ni umutwaro wa PSE wemera imbaraga, ni ukuvuga igikoresho cyabakiriya ba sisitemu ya POE, nka terefone ya IP, kamera z'umutekano w’urusobe, APs, n’ibindi bikoresho byinshi bya Ethernet, nka PDA cyangwa amashanyarazi ya terefone igendanwa (mubyukuri, imbaraga zose ntizirenza 13W Igikoresho gishobora kubona imbaraga zijyanye na sock ya RJ45).Byombi bishingiye ku gipimo cya IEEE 802.3af kandi bigashyiraho ihuriro binyuze mu guhuza PD, ubwoko bwibikoresho, urwego rwo gukoresha amashanyarazi nandi makuru y’ibikoresho byakira amashanyarazi, kandi hashingiwe kuri ibyo, PD ikoreshwa na PSE ikoresheje Ethernet.
Amashanyarazi nyamukuru atanga ibimenyetso biranga POE isanzwe itanga amashanyarazi ni:
1. Umuvuduko uri hagati ya 44V na 57V, ufite agaciro gasanzwe ka 48V.
2. Umuyoboro ntarengwa wemewe ni 550mA, naho intangiriro ntarengwa ni 500mA.
3. Imikorere isanzwe ikora ni 10-350mA, naho imiyoboro irenze urugero ni 350-500mA.
4. Mugihe kitarimo umutwaro, ibyangombwa bisabwa ni 5mA.
5. Tanga ibyiciro bitatu byamashanyarazi asabwa 3.84 ～ 12.95W kubikoresho bya PD, ntarengwa ntabwo irenga 13W.(Menya ko urwego rwa PD 0 na 4 rutagaragaye kandi ntirukwiye gukoreshwa.)
4 inzira yo gukora
Mugihe utegura ibikoresho bya PSE bitanga amashanyarazi murusobe, inzira yakazi ya POE Power hejuru ya Ethernet irerekanwa hepfo.
1. Kumenya
Ku ikubitiro, igikoresho cya PSE gisohora voltage ntoya cyane ku cyambu kugeza igihe iboneye ko guhuza insinga ya kabili ari igikoresho cyakira amashanyarazi gishyigikira IEEE 802.3af.
2. Ibyiciro bya PD
Iyo PD yibikoresho byakira byamenyekanye, igikoresho cya PSE kirashobora gutondekanya igikoresho cya PD no gusuzuma igihombo cyamashanyarazi gisabwa nigikoresho cya PD.
Mugihe cyo gutangira igihe cyagenwe (muri rusange kiri munsi ya 15μs), igikoresho cya PSE gitangira gutanga ingufu kubikoresho bya PD kuva mumashanyarazi make kugeza igihe gitanga amashanyarazi ya 48V DC.
4. Amashanyarazi
Itanga ingufu zihamye kandi zizewe 48V DC kubikoresho bya PD kugirango ihuze ingufu zikoreshwa mubikoresho bya PD bitarenze 15.4W.
5. Zimya umuriro
Niba igikoresho cya PD cyaciwe numuyoboro, PSE izahita (mubisanzwe muri 300-400m) ihagarike ingufu za PD, hanyuma isubiremo uburyo bwo gutahura kugirango umenye niba itumanaho rya kabili rihujwe nigikoresho cya PD.
Uburyo 5 bwo gutanga amashanyarazi
Igipimo cya PoE gisobanura uburyo bubiri bwo gukoresha insinga zohereza za Ethernet kugirango wohereze ingufu za DC mubikoresho bihuza POE:
1. Hagati
Koresha insinga zidakoreshwa mumashanyarazi ya Ethernet kugirango wohereze ingufu za DC.Ikoreshwa hagati yimikorere isanzwe nibikoresho byumuyoboro.Irashobora gutanga ingufu kubikoresho byumuyoboro wa terefone binyuze mumurongo wumuyoboro.Midspan PSE (ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi hagati) ni ibikoresho bidasanzwe byo gucunga amashanyarazi, mubisanzwe bishyira hamwe na switch.Ifite jack ebyiri za RJ45 zihuye na buri cyambu, imwe ihujwe na switch na kabili ngufi, indi ihujwe nigikoresho cya kure.
Kurangiza
Umuyoboro utaziguye woherezwa icyarimwe kumurongo wibanze ukoreshwa mugukwirakwiza amakuru, kandi ihererekanyabubasha ryayo ikoresha inshuro zitandukanye kuva ibimenyetso bya Ethernet.Ihuza rya Endpoint PSE (ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi) bifite Ethernet switch, router, hub cyangwa ibindi bikoresho byo guhinduranya imiyoboro ishyigikira imikorere ya POE.Birateganijwe ko End-Span izamurwa vuba.Ni ukubera ko amakuru ya Ethernet hamwe nogukwirakwiza ingufu bifashisha hamwe, bivanaho gukenera gushyiraho umurongo wihariye wo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi yigenga.Ibi ni kubikoresho 8-byingenzi gusa kandi bihuye na RJ- 45 sock irahambaye cyane.
6 iterambere
PowerDsine, uruganda rukora amashanyarazi arenze Ethernet, ruzakora inama ya IEEE kugirango itange kumugaragaro "ingufu-z-ingufu-hejuru-Ethernet", izafasha gutanga amashanyarazi kuri mudasobwa zigendanwa nibindi bikoresho.PowerDsine izatanga impapuro zera, byerekana ko 802.3af isanzwe 48v yinjiza na 13w ntarengwa ishobora gukuba kabiri.Usibye mudasobwa ya ikaye, ibipimo bishya birashobora kandi gukoresha amashanyarazi ya kirisiti yerekana na terefone.Ku ya 30 Ukwakira 2009, IEEE yasohoye ibipimo bishya 802.3at, iteganya ko POE ishobora gutanga ingufu zisumba izindi, zirenga 13W kandi zishobora kugera kuri 30W!