1. Intshayelelo
I-PoE ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Power over LAN (PoL) okanye i-Active Ethernet, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-Power over Ethernet ngokufutshane.Le yinkcazo yemigangatho yamva nje esebenzisa iintambo zothumelo lwe-Ethernet ezikhoyo zokuhambisa idatha kunye namandla ngexesha elinye, kwaye igcina ukuhambelana neenkqubo ze-Ethernet ezikhoyo kunye nabasebenzisi.Umgangatho we-IEEE 802.3af ngumgangatho omtsha osekelwe kwi-POE ye-Power-over-Ethernet system.Yongeza imigangatho enxulumeneyo yonikezelo lwamandla ngokuthe ngqo ngeentambo zenethiwekhi ngokwesiseko se-IEEE 802.3.Kukwandiswa komgangatho okhoyo we-Ethernet kunye nomgangatho wokuqala wamazwe ngamazwe wokusasazwa kwamandla.umgangatho.
I-IEEE yaqala ukuphuhlisa umgangatho ngo-1999, kwaye abathengisi bokuqala abathatha inxaxheba yayiyi-3Com, Intel, PowerDsine, Nortel, Mitel, kunye ne-National Semiconductor.Nangona kunjalo, ukunqongophala kwalo mgangatho kuthintele ukwandiswa kweemarike.Kuze kube nguJuni 2003, i-IEEE yavuma umgangatho we-802.3af, ochaza ngokucacileyo ukufunyanwa kwamandla kunye nokulawula izinto kwiinkqubo ezikude, kunye nee-router ezixhunyiwe, utshintsho, kunye nee-hubs kwiifowuni ze-IP, iinkqubo zokhuseleko, kunye neenethiwekhi zendawo ezingenazintambo ngeentambo ze-Ethernet.Indlela yokunikezelwa kwamandla kumanqaku kunye nezinye izixhobo zilawulwa.Uphuhliso lwe-IEEE 802.3af lubandakanya iinzame zeengcali ezininzi zeenkampani, ezivumela ukuba umgangatho uvavanywe ngokupheleleyo.
Amandla aqhelekileyo ngaphezulu kwenkqubo ye-Ethernet.Beka isixhobo sokutshintshela i-Ethernet kwigunjana le-wiring, kwaye usebenzise i-hub ephakathi kunye ne-hub yamandla ukubonelela amandla kwisibini esijijekileyo se-LAN.Ekupheleni kwesibini esijijekileyo, ukunikezelwa kwamandla kusetyenziselwa iifowuni zombane, iindawo zokufikelela ezingenazintambo, iikhamera kunye nezinye izixhobo.Ukuthintela ukuphuma kombane, i-UPS ingasetyenziswa.
2 umgaqo
I-standard ye-network cable ye-Category 5 ineeperi ezine zee-twisted pairs, kodwa zimbini kuphela ezisetyenziswa kwi-l0M BASE-T kunye ne-100M BASE-T.IEEE80 2.3af ivumela ukusetyenziswa kabini.Xa i-pin engasebenziyo isetyenziselwa ukunikezelwa kwamandla, izikhonkwane ze-4 kunye ne-5 zixhunyiwe njengepali efanelekileyo, kwaye i-7 kunye ne-8 idibaniswe njengepali engafanelekanga.
Xa i-pin yedatha isetyenziselwa ukunikezelwa kwamandla, unikezelo lwamandla lwe-DC longezwa kwi-midpoint ye-transmission transformer, engachaphazeli ukuhanjiswa kwedatha.Ngale ndlela, isibini 1, 2 kunye nesibini 3, 6 sinokuba nayiphi na i-polarity.
Umgangatho awukuvumeli ukusetyenziswa kwale miqathango mibini ingentla ngexesha elinye.Izixhobo zonikezelo lwamandla i-PSE inokubonelela ngokusetyenziswa enye kuphela, kodwa izixhobo zesicelo sombane iPD kufuneka ikwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemeko zombini ngaxeshanye.Umgangatho umisela ukuba unikezelo lwamandla ludla ngokuba yi-48V, 13W.Kulula kwizixhobo zePD ukubonelela nge-48V ukuya kuguqulo lombane ophantsi, kodwa kwangaxeshanye kufuneka ibe ne-voltage yokhuseleko lwe-insulation ye-1500V.
Iiparamitha ezi-3
Inkqubo ye-POE epheleleyo iquka iinxalenye ezimbini: izixhobo zokubonelela ngombane (PSE) kunye nezixhobo zokubonelela ngombane (PD).Isixhobo se-PSE sisixhobo esinika amandla kwisixhobo somxhasi we-Ethernet, kwaye ikwangumphathi wayo yonke inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla e-POE Ethernet.Isixhobo se-PD ngumthwalo we-PSE owamkela amandla, oko kukuthi, isixhobo somthengi wenkqubo ye-POE, njengeefowuni ze-IP, iikhamera zokhuseleko zenethiwekhi, ii-APs, kunye nezinye izixhobo ze-Ethernet ezininzi, ezifana nee-PDA okanye iishaja zefowuni eziphathwayo (enyanisweni, iifowuni ze-intanethi, kunye nezinye izixhobo ze-Ethernet, kunye neefowuni eziphathwayo, kunye neefowuni ze-intanethi, kunye nezixhobo ze-PDA, i-PSE, i-PSE, i-PCE, i-PCE, i-PCE, i-PCE, i-PCE, i-PCE, i-device ye-POE. nawaphi na amandla akadluli i-13W Isixhobo sinokufumana amandla ahambelanayo kwi-socket ye-RJ45).Ezi zimbini zisekelwe kumgangatho we-IEEE 802.3af kunye nokuseka uxhulumaniso ngokusebenzisa uxhulumaniso lwePD, uhlobo lwesixhobo, inqanaba lokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nolunye ulwazi lwesixhobo sokufumana amandla, kwaye kwesi siseko, i-PD inikwe amandla yi-PSE nge-Ethernet.
Iimpawu eziphambili zobonelelo lwamandla eeparamitha zenkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla esemgangathweni ye-POE zezi:
1. I-voltage iphakathi kwe-44V kunye ne-57V, enexabiso eliqhelekileyo le-48V.
2. Ubuninzi obuvumelekileyo bangoku yi-550mA, kwaye ubuninzi bokuqalisa ngoku yi-500mA.
3. Umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wangoku ngu-10-350mA, kwaye ukufumanisa ukugqithiswa kwangoku yi-350-500mA.
4. Phantsi kweemeko zokungabikho komthwalo, ubuninzi obufunekayo ngoku yi-5mA.
5. Ukubonelela ngemigangatho emithathu yeemfuno zamandla ombane we-3.84～12.95W kwisixhobo sePD, ubuninzi abudluli kwi-13W.(Qaphela ukuba amanqanaba e-PD 0 kunye ne-4 awaboniswanga kwaye akufanele asetyenziswe.)
4 inkqubo yokusebenza
Xa ulungiselela i-PSE izixhobo ze-terminal zonikezelo lwamandla kwinethiwekhi, inkqubo yokusebenza ye-POE Power phezu kwe-Ethernet iboniswe ngezantsi.
1. Ukufunyanwa
Ekuqaleni, isixhobo se-PSE sikhupha i-voltage encinci kakhulu kwi-port de ibone ukuba uqhagamshelo lwe-terminal terminal sisixhobo sokufumana amandla esixhasa umgangatho we-IEEE 802.3af.
2. Ukuhlelwa kwesixhobo sePD
Xa i-PD yesixhobo sokugqibela sokufumana ifunyenwe, isixhobo se-PSE sinokuhlela isixhobo sePD kwaye sivavanye ukulahleka kwamandla okufunwa sisixhobo sePD.
Ngexesha lokuqalisa kwexesha elilungelelanisiweyo (ngokubanzi ngaphantsi kwe-15μs), isixhobo se-PSE siqalisa ukubonelela ngombane kwisixhobo sePD ukusuka kumbane ophantsi de kube sibonelela ngombane we-48V DC.
4. Unikezelo lwamandla
Inika amandla e-48V DC azinzileyo kwaye athembekileyo kwizixhobo zePD ukuhlangabezana nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwezixhobo zePD ezingadluli kwi-15.4W.
5. Cima umbane
Ukuba isixhobo sePD sinqanyuliwe kwinethiwekhi, i-PSE iya kukhawuleza (ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-300-400ms) imise amandla kwisixhobo sePD, kwaye iphinda inkqubo yokufumanisa ukuba i-terminal yentambo ixhunyiwe kwisixhobo sePD.
5 indlela yokubonelela ngombane
Umgangatho we-PoE uchaza iindlela ezimbini zokusebenzisa iintambo zothumelo lwe-Ethernet ukuhambisa amandla eDC kwizixhobo ezihambelana ne-POE:
1.Mid-Span
Sebenzisa iiperi zocingo ezingasetyenziswanga kwintambo ye-Ethernet ukusasaza amandla eDC.Isetyenziswa phakathi kokutshintsha okuqhelekileyo kunye nezixhobo ze-terminal yenethiwekhi.Inokubonelela ngamandla kwisixhobo se-terminal yenethiwekhi ngentambo yenethiwekhi.I-Midspan PSE (isixhobo sonikezelo lwamandla phakathi kwe-span) sisiXhobo esikhethekileyo solawulo lwamandla, ngokuqhelekileyo sidityaniswe kunye nokutshintsha.Ineejekhi ezimbini ze-RJ45 ezihambelana ne-port nganye, enye ixhunyiwe kwi-switch kunye nentambo emfutshane, kwaye enye ixhunyiwe kwisixhobo esikude.
Isiphelo-Ixesha
Umbane othe ngqo uhanjiswa ngaxeshanye kwingcingo engundoqo esetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kwedatha, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwayo kusebenzisa i-frequency eyahlukileyo ukusuka kwisignali yedatha ye-Ethernet.I-Endpoint ye-PSE ehambelanayo (izixhobo zokunikezelwa kwamandla okuphela) inokutshintsha kwe-Ethernet, i-router, i-hub okanye ezinye izixhobo zokutshintsha inethiwekhi ezixhasa umsebenzi we-POE.Kubonwa kwangaphambili ukuba i-End-Span iya kunyuswa ngokukhawuleza.Oku kungenxa yokuba idatha ye-Ethernet kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla kusebenzisa isibini esiqhelekileyo, esiphelisa isidingo sokumisela umgca ozinikeleyo wokuhanjiswa kwamandla okuzimeleyo.Oku kuphela kwe-8-core cables kunye nomgangatho ohambelanayo we-RJ- I-socket ye-45 ibaluleke kakhulu.
6 uphuhliso
I-PowerDsine, umenzi we-chip we-power-over-Ethernet, uya kubamba intlanganiso ye-IEEE ukuze angenise ngokusemthethweni umgangatho we-"high-power-over-Ethernet", oya kuxhasa ukunikezelwa kwamandla kwiilaptops kunye nezinye izixhobo.I-PowerDsine iya kungenisa iphepha elimhlophe, icebisa ukuba igalelo le-802.3af eliqhelekileyo le-48v kunye ne-13w ekhoyo yomda wamandla kufuneka uphindwe kabini.Ukongeza kwiikhompyuter zeencwadana, umgangatho omtsha unokuphinda ubonise ikristale yolwelo kunye neefowuni zevidiyo.Ngo-Oktobha 30, 2009, i-IEEE ikhuphe umgangatho omtsha we-802.3at, ochaza ukuba i-POE inokubonelela ngamandla aphezulu, angaphezu kwe-13W kwaye inokufikelela kwi-30W!