Umuyoboro wa EPON ukoresha uburyo bwa FTTB kugirango ube umuyoboro, kandi ibice byibanze byurusobe niOLTna ONU.OLT itanga ibyambu byinshi bya PON kubikoresho byo mu biro bikuru kugirango bihuze ibikoresho bya ONU; ONU nigikoresho cyabakoresha kugirango batange amakuru ajyanye nijwi ryijwi kugirango bamenye serivisi zabakoresha. Kumenyekanisha uburyo bwo kubona serivisi zitandukanye ni ugukoresha ibirango bitandukanye bya VLAN kuri abakoresha batandukanye na serivisi zitandukanye kugirango bazohereze mu buryo bweruye kuri seriveri ihuye na seriveri ihuye, kandi wohereze ibirango bya VLAN bijyanye n'umuyoboro wa IP kugira ngo wohereze.

1.Iriburiro ryumuyoboro wa EPON

EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network) ni tekinoroji ya optique ya fibre igera kumurongo wa tekinoroji, ifata imiterere-kuri-kugwiza, uburyo bwo kohereza fibre optique, bushingiye kumurongo wihuta wa Ethernet hamwe na TDM igihe cyo kugabana MAC (MediaAccessControl) uburyo bwo kugenzura itangazamakuru .Ikoresha tekinoroji ya PON kurwego rwumubiri, protocole ya Ethernet kumurongo uhuza, kandi ikoresha topologiya ya PON kugirango igere kuri Ethernet.Kubwibyo, ikomatanya ibyiza byikoranabuhanga rya PON hamwe na tekinoroji ya Ethernet: igiciro gito, umurongo mwinshi, kwaguka gukomeye, kuvugurura serivisi byihuse kandi byihuse, guhuza na Ethernet ihari, gucunga neza, nibindi.

EPON irashobora kumenya guhuza amajwi, amakuru, videwo, na serivisi zigendanwa.Sisitemu ya EPON igizwe ahaniniOLT.

Ibikoresho bifatika byurusobe birimo ibikoresho byo mu biro bikuru (OLT) hamwe nuyoboro wa optique (ONU).Igice cya optique (ONU) gitanga abakoresha intera hagati yamakuru, videwo, numuyoboro wa terefone na PON.Uruhare rwambere rwaONUni kwakira ibimenyetso bya optique hanyuma ukabihindura muburyo busabwa numukoresha (Ethernet, IP isakaza, terefone, T1 / E1, nibindi).Ibikoresho bya OLT bihujwe numuyoboro wa IP ukoresheje fibre optique.Itangizwa ryumuyoboro wa optique rifite ubuso bugera kuri 20km, ibyo bikaba byemeza ko OLT ishobora kuzamurwa kugeza kuri metropolitan gakondo ihuza imiyoboro kuva icyiciro cyambere cyo kubaka imiyoboro ya optique, bityo byoroshya imiterere y'urusobekerane rw'urusobe guhuza urwego no kuzigama umubare wibiro byanyuma.Mubyongeyeho, ibiranga imiyoboro ya optique igera kumurongo munini, kwaguka kwinshi, kwizerwa cyane, hamwe na serivise nyinshi za QoS urwego rwo gufashanya nabyo byatumye ihindagurika ryurusobe rwinjira rugana kumurongo uhuriweho, uhuriweho, kandi ukora neza.

2.Amahame shingiro yumurongo wa EPON

Sisitemu ya EPON ikoresha tekinoroji ya WDM kugirango igere ku cyerekezo kimwe cya fibre fibre imwe, ikoresheje hejuru ya 1310nm no kumanuka wa 1490nm yumurambararo wohereza amakuru nijwi, kandi serivisi za CATV zikoresha uburebure bwa 1550nm kugirango zitware. OLT ishyirwa mubiro bikuru kugirango igabanye kandi igenzure umuyoboro. guhuza, kandi ifite ibikorwa-nyabyo byo gukurikirana, gucunga no gufata neza imirimo.ONU ishyirwa kuruhande rwabakoresha, kandi OLT na ONU bihujwe muburyo bwa 1: 16/1: 32 binyuze mumurongo wo gukwirakwiza optique.

Kugirango utandukanye ibimenyetso nabakoresha benshi kuri fibre imwe, tekinike ebyiri zikurikira zirashobora gukoreshwa.

1) Inzira yo hasi yamakuru ikoresha tekinoroji yo gutangaza.

Muri EPON, inzira yo kohereza amakuru kumurongo kuva OLT kuri ONU nyinshi yoherejwe no gutangaza amakuru.Ibyatanzwe byanyuze munsi ya OLT kugeza kuri ONU nyinshi muburyo bwa paki zihindagurika.Buri paki yamakuru afite anEPONUmutwe wapaki, ugaragaza bidasanzwe niba paki yamakuru yoherejwe kuri ONU-1, ONU-2 cyangwa ONU-3.Irashobora kandi kumenyekana nkigipapuro cyoherejwe cyoherejwe kuri ONU zose cyangwa mumatsinda yihariye ya ONU (packicast packet).Iyo amakuru ageze kuri ONU, ONU yakira ikanagaragaza paki yamakuru yoherejwe binyuze muri adresse ihuza, kandi ikajugunya amakuru yamakuru yoherejwe kubandi ONU.LLID idasanzwe yatanzwe nyuma yuko ONU yiyandikishije;OLT igereranya urutonde rwa LLID mugihe rwakira amakuru, kandi iyo ONU yakiriye amakuru, yakira gusa amakadiri cyangwa ikadiri yo gutangaza ihuye na LLID yayo.

2) Hejuru yamakuru atemba akoresha tekinoroji ya TDMA.

OLT igereranya urutonde rwa LLID mbere yo kwakira amakuru;buri ONU yohereza amakuru kumurongo mugihe cyagenwe kimwe nibikoresho byo mubiro bikuru OLT;umwanya wagenwe (binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rinini) wishyura intera iri hagati ya buri ONU kandi wirinda guhura kwa ONU hagati.