1.optical fiber core structure
1) Core: high refractive index, inoshandiswa kutumira chiedza;
2) Kuvhara: yakaderera refractive indekisi, ichigadzira iyo yakazara ratidziro mamiriro ane musimboti;
3) Chengetedzo yekudzivirira: inodzivirira iyo optical fiber.
2.Single-mode uye multi-mode
Nzira imwe chete yechiedza inogona kufambiswa.Naizvozvo, kupararira kwayo kwepakati-modhi idiki uye inokodzera kutaurirana kure, asi kune zvakare kuparadzirwa kwezvinhu uye waveguide dispersion.Nenzira iyi, single-mode fiber ine yakakwirira zvinodiwa pahupamhi hwe spectral uye kugadzikana kwechiedza sosi, ndiko kuti, hupamhi hwekutarisa hunofanirwa kuve hwakamanikana uye kugadzikana Zvirinani.Single-modhi faibha ine zero yakazara dispersion.
Inogona kufambisa akawanda modes emwenje.Nekudaro, yayo yepakati-modhi dispersion yakakura, iyo inodzikamisa kuwanda kwekutumira masaini edhijitari, uye inozonyanya kukomba nekuwedzera chinhambwe.Multi-modhi faibha yekufambisa kureba ipfupi, kazhinji makiromita mashoma.
Single-mode midziyo inowanzo mhanya pane imwe-modhi faibha kana akawanda-modhi faibha, nepo akawanda-modhi midziyo inogumira pakumhanya pa-multi-mode fiber.