Anteenadu waxay u beddeshaa calaamadaha korantada ee ay aaladaha u gudbiyaan hirarka korantada ee gudbinta.Guud ahaan, anteenooyinku waxay leeyihiin shaqada gudbinta iyo helitaanka, laakiin xaalado gaar ah, kaliya waxay qabtaan shaqada helitaanka.(sida anteenada baahinta)
Qeexida anteenadu waa aalad si wax ku ool ah u soo saari karta hirarka korantada ee jihada meel bannaan ama heli kara hirarka korantada ee jihada bannaan.
Shaqada anteenadu waa in ay gudbiso ama hesho mowjadaha elektromagnetic-ka, iyada oo sidoo kale leh hawlaha aasaasiga ah ee soo socda:
1. Anteenadu waa inay awood u yeelataa inay u beddesho tamarta hirarka la hagayo ee suurtogalka ah una beddelo tamarta hirarka korantada.Tani waxay marka hore u baahan tahay in anteenadu noqoto nidaam furan oo elektromagnetic ah oo wanaagsan, marka labaadna waxay u baahan tahay anteenadu inay la mid noqoto gudbiyaha ama qaataha.
2. Anteenadu waa in ay xoogga saarto hirarka elektromagnetic inta ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah jiho gaar ah, ama waxay kordhisaa aqbalida mawjadaha soo socda ee jiho gaar ah, taas oo ah, jihadu waa inay lahaataa jihada.
3. Anteenadu waa inay awood u leedahay inay gudbiso ama hesho mowjadaha elektromagneticiga ah ee leh polarization cayiman, taas oo ah, anteenadu waxay leedahay polarization habboon.
4. Anteenadu waa inay lahaataa xadhkaha soo noqnoqda ee hawlgalka oo ku filan.
Mabda'a anteenada: Anteenadu waxay gudbisaa hirarka korantada, iyo mabda'a abuuritaanka hirarka korantada:
Marka loo eego aragtida goobta korantada ee Maxwell, bedka korontadu waxa ay dhalisaa goob birlabeed ah oo beddesha meelaha ku xeeran, goobta magnet-ka ee beddesha waxa ay sidoo kale dhalisaa goob koronto oo is beddesha.Sidan oo kale, goobta koronto ee isbedesha iyo goobta magnet-ka ee isbedesha waa kuwo isku xiran, wada xamaasadsan, beddelkoodana abuurma, oo ku faafiya meel bannaan oo xawli gaar ah u dhow ilaa fog.
Badeecadahayada iibinta ugu badan waxay daboolayaan noocyo kala duwanONUalaabooyin taxane ah, oo ay ku jiraan ACONU/xidhiidhkaONU/ indheergaradONU/sanduuqaONUiwm. DhammaantoodONUbadeecooyinka taxanaha ah waxaa loo isticmaali karaa baahiyaha shabakada xaalado kala duwan.
