Isifinyezo kanye nezixazululo zezinkinga ezivamile zamaphutha kuma-fiber optic transceivers
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-fiber transceivers, kodwa indlela yokuxilongwa kwephutha iyafana.Ukufingqa, amaphutha okwenzeka ku-fiber transceiver ami kanje:
1.Isibani samandla sivaliwe, ukuphelelwa amandla;
2.Isibani sesixhumanisi asikhanyi.Iphutha lingaba kanje:
a.Hlola ukuthi umugqa wefayibha uvuliwe yini
b.Hlola ukuthi ulayini wefayibha mkhulu yini futhi uyaweqa uhla lokuthola ucingo.
c.Hlola ukuthi i-fiber interface ixhumeke kahle yini.I-TX yendawo ixhunywe ku-RX ekude, futhi i-TX ekude ixhunywe ku-RX yendawo.
d.Hlola ukuthi isixhumi sefayibha sifakwe kahle yini kusixhumi esibonakalayo sedivayisi, ukuthi uhlobo lwe-jumper lufana nesixhumi esibonakalayo sedivayisi, noma uhlobo lwedivayisi lufana nefayibha, nokuthi ubude bokudlulisa idivayisi bufana nebanga.
3.Isibani se-Link sesekhethi ayikhanyi.Iphutha lingaba kanje:
a.Hlola ukuthi ikhebula lenethiwekhi livuliwe yini;
b.Hlola ukuthi uhlobo lokuxhuma luyahambisana yini: amadivayisi afana namakhadi enethiwekhi namarutha asebenzisa izintambo ezinqamulayo, amaswishi, amahabhu, njll., asebenzisa imigqa eqondile;
c.Hlola ukuthi izinga lokudlulisa idivayisi liyahambisana yini;
4.Ukulahleka kwephakethe lenethiwekhi kubi kakhulu, futhi iphutha lingaba kanje:
a.Imbobo kagesi ye-transceiver ixhunywe kudivayisi yenethiwekhi, noma imodi ye-duplex yesixhumi esibonakalayo samadivayisi womabili ayifani.
b.Ipheya elisontekile nekhanda le-RJ-45 linezinkinga, hlola
c.Inkinga yokuxhuma i-fiber, noma ngabe i-jumper ihambisana nesixhumi esibonakalayo sedivayisi, noma ngabe i-pigtail ifana nohlobo lwe-jumper kanye ne-coupler.
I-5.I-fiber transceivers ayikwazi ukuxhumana ngemva kokuba iziphetho ezimbili zixhunyiwe.
a.I-fiber ihlehlisiwe, futhi i-fiber exhunywe ku-TX ne-RX ihlehliswa.
b.I-interface ye-RJ45 ayixhumekile kahle kudivayisi yangaphandle (qaphela i-straight through and spliced)
I-fiber interface (i-ceramic ferrule) ayifani.Leli phutha libonakala kakhulu ku-transceiver engu-100M enomsebenzi wokulawula okuhlangene kwezithombe zikagesi.Uma i-pigtail ye-APC ferrule ixhunywe ku-transceiver ye-PC ferrule, ngeke ikwazi ukuxhumana ngokujwayelekile.I-photoelectric intercommunication transceiver ayinawo umthelela.
6.Isigameko sokunqamuka kwesikhathi
a.Kungase kube ukuncishiswa kakhulu kwendlela yokubona.Ngalesi sikhathi, amandla okukhanya okuphela kokwamukela angalinganiswa imitha yamandla optical.Uma iseduze nebanga elitholayo lokuzwela, ingase ihlulelwe njengokuhluleka kwendlela yokubona phakathi kwebanga elingu-1-2dB.
b.Iswishi exhunywe ku-transceiver ingase ibe nephutha.Kulesi simo, ukushintshwa kushintshwa yi-PC, okungukuthi, ama-transceiver amabili axhumeke ngqo ku-PC, futhi iziphetho ezimbili zixhunywe ku-PING.Uma iswishi ihluleka, iswishi ingase inqunywe ngokuyisisekelo njengephutha leswishi.
c.Kungase kube ukwehluleka kwe-transceiver.Kulokhu, xhuma i-transceiver ku-PC kuzo zombili iziphetho (hhayi ngokusebenzisa iswishi).Ngemuva kokuthi zombili iziphetho zingenayo inkinga nge-PING, dlulisa ifayela elikhulu (100M) ukusuka komunye umkhawulo uye komunye umkhawulo, bese ubheka isivinini salo.Uma isivinini sihamba kancane (amafayela angaphansi kuka-200M adluliswa ngaphezu kwamaminithi angu-15), i-transceiver ingabhekwa njengenephutha.
d.Ngemva kwesikhathi sokuxhumana, ikhompuyutha iyaphahlazeka, okungukuthi, ayikwazi ukuxhumana, futhi ibuyela kokujwayelekile ngemva kokuqala kabusha.
Lesi simo ngokuvamile sibangelwa ukushintsha.Iswishi yenza ukutholwa kwephutha le-CRC futhi ihlole ubude kuyo yonke idatha etholiwe.Ihlola ukuthi iphakethe elinephutha lizolahlwa yini futhi iphakethe elilungile lizodluliselwa phambili.Nokho, amanye amaphakethe anamaphutha kule nqubo awatholakali ekutholweni kwephutha le-CRC nokuhlola ubude.Amaphakethe anjalo ngeke athunyelwe phakathi nenqubo yokudlulisela futhi ngeke alahlwe.Azoqoqwa kunqolobane eguquguqukayo.(i-buffer), ayikwazi ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle, linda kuze kugcwale isilondolozi, kuzobangela ukuthi iswishi iphahlazeke.Ngenxa yokuthi ukuqalisa kabusha isidlulisilwazi noma ukuqalisa kabusha iswishi ngalesi sikhathi kungabuyisela ukuxhumana kwesijwayelekile, umsebenzisi ngokuvamile ucabanga ukuthi inkinga nge-transceiver.
7.Indlela yokuhlola ye-Transceiver
Uma uthola ukuthi kunenkinga ngoxhumano lwe-transceiver, sicela uluhlole ngendlela elandelayo ukuze uthole imbangela yokwehluleka.
a.Ukuhlolwa okuseduze:
Zombili iziphetho zekhompuyutha ziye ku-PING, uma ukwazi i-PING通, bese ufakazela ukuthi i-fiber transceiver ayinankinga.Uma ukuhlolwa okuseduze kungakwazi ukuxhumana, kungase kubonakale sengathi i-transceiver ebonakalayo inephutha.
b.Ukuhlolwa kwesilawuli kude:
Uma ikhompuyutha emikhawulweni yomibili ingaxhumekile ku-PING, uma i-PING ingafinyeleleki, kufanele ihlole ukuthi uxhumano lwendlela yokubona luvamile yini nokuthi amandla okudlulisa nokwamukela e-transceiver optical angaphakathi kwebanga elivumelekile.Uma i-PING idluliswa, ifakazela ukuthi indlela ye-optical ixhunywe ngokujwayelekile.Ungakwazi ukunquma ukuthi inkinga isekushintsheni.
c.Ukuhlolwa kwesilawuli kude ukuze kutholakale iphuzu lokwehluleka:
Okokuqala xhuma isiphetho esisodwa kushintsho, futhi yomibili igcine ku-PING.Uma lingekho iphutha, kungabhekwa njengokuhluleka kwesinye iswishi.
Izinkinga zephutha ezijwayelekile zixazululwa ngombuzo nezimpendulo
Ngokwezinkinga zokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke kanye nezinkinga zabasebenzisi, ezifingqiwe futhi zachazwa ngendlela yombuzo nezimpendulo, ngethemba lokuletha usizo oluthile kubasebenzi bokunakekela, ukuze kutholwe imbangela ngokusho kwephutha, ukuthola iphuzu lephutha, “umuthi ofanele. .”
I-1.Q: Hlobo luni lokuxhumana olusetshenziswa lapho i-transceiver RJ45 port ixhunywe kwamanye amadivaysi?
A: Imbobo ye-RJ45 ye-transceiver ixhunywe ekhadini lenethiwekhi ye-PC (imishini yedatha yedatha ye-DTE) kusetshenziswa i-crossover twisted pair, kanti i-HUB noma i-SWITCH (imishini yokuxhumana yedatha ye-DCE) isebenzisa ipheya elisontekile elihambisanayo.
2.Q: Yisiphi isizathu esenza ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-TxLink kungakhanyiswa?
Impendulo: (1).Ipheya elisontekile elingalungile lixhunyiwe;
(2).Ikhanda lekristalu elisontekile linokuxhumana okungalungile nemishini, noma ikhwalithi yombhangqwana osontekile ngokwawo;
(3).Okokusebenza akuxhumekile kahle.
3.Q: Yisiphi isizathu esenza ukuthi isibani se-TxLink singabani kodwa sihlale sivuliwe ngemva kokuba i-fiber ixhunywe kahle?
Impendulo: 1.Iphutha ngokuvamile lidalwa yibanga lokudlulisa ukuba lide kakhulu.
2. Inkinga yokuhambisana nekhadi lenethiwekhi (exhunywe kwi-PC).
I-4.Q: Kuyini isizathu sokuthi kungani ukukhanya kwe-FxLink kungakhanyiswa?
Intambo ye-fiber optic ixhunywe ngokungalungile, futhi indlela yokuxhumana efanele yi-TX-RX, RX-TX, noma imodi yefiber ayilungile;
Ibanga lokudlulisela lide kakhulu noma ukulahlekelwa okumaphakathi kukhulu kakhulu, kudlula ukulahlekelwa okukodwa komkhiqizo.Isixazululo siwukuba uthathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa okuphakathi noma esikhundleni sako ufake isidluliseli esinebanga elide lokudlulisela.
Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-fiber optic transceiver liphezulu kakhulu.
I-5.Q: Kuyini isizathu esenza ukukhanya kwe-FxLink kungabonakali kodwa ukukhanya kuhlale kuvuliwe ngemva kokuba i-fiber ixhunywe kahle?
A: Iphutha ngokuvamile libangelwa ibanga lokudlulisela libe lide kakhulu noma ukulahlekelwa okumaphakathi kukhulu kakhulu, kudlula ukulahlekelwa okukodwa komkhiqizo.Isixazululo siwukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa okuphakathi noma esikhundleni saso ufake isidluliseli esinebanga elide lokudlulisela.
I-6.Q: Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma izibani ezinhlanu zikhanya noma inkomba ijwayelekile kodwa ingadluliswa?
A: Ngokuvamile, amandla avaliwe futhi aqalwe kabusha.
7.Q: Iyini izinga lokushisa elizungezile le-transceiver?
Impendulo: I-fiber optic module ithinteka kakhulu izinga lokushisa elizungezile.Nakuba inomjikelezo wayo wokuzuza othomathikhi owakhelwe ngaphakathi, ngemva kokuba izinga lokushisa lidlula ububanzi obuthile, amandla optical wemojula ye-optical ayathinteka futhi ayancipha, okwenza buthaka ikhwalithi yesignali yenethiwekhi ye-optical futhi ibangele ukulahlekelwa kwephakethe.Izinga liyakhuphuka futhi lize linqamule isixhumanisi se-optical;(amamojula ajwayelekile we-fiber optic angasebenza emazingeni okushisa afika ku-70° C).
8.Q: Kuyini ukuhambisana nephrothokholi yedivayisi yangaphandle?
A: Njengokushintsha kwe-10/100M, i-transceiver ebonakalayo engu-10/100M inomkhawulo othile kubude befreyimu, ngokuvamile abukho ngaphezu kuka-1522B noma 1536B.Lapho inkinobho exhunywe ehhovisi elimaphakathi isekela izivumelwano ezithile ezikhethekile (njenge-Cisco's ISL) I-overhead yephakethe iyakhuphuka (izindleko zephakethe le-ISL le-Cisco zingamabhayithi angama-30), ezeqa umkhawulo ongaphezulu wobude befreyimu ye-fiber transceiver futhi ilahlwe.Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi izinga lokulahlekelwa kwephakethe liphezulu noma cha.Kulokhu, i-MTU yedivayisi yetheminali idinga ukulungiswa.Iyunithi yokuthumela ephezulu, i-overhead yephakethe le-IP elijwayelekile liyi-18 bytes, kanti i-MTU ingamabhayithi angu-1500. Manje abakhiqizi bemishini yokuxhumana ephezulu banezivumelwano zangaphakathi zenethiwekhi, ngokuvamile bamukela iphakethe elihlukile, elizokwandisa amaphakethe we-IP.Uma idatha ingamabhayithi angu-1500, usayizi wephakethe we-IP uzoba ngaphezu kuka-18 ngemva kokulahlwa kwephakethe le-IP.Usayizi wephakethe wenelisa umkhawulo wedivayisi yenethiwekhi kubude bozimele.Iphakethe le-1522 byte lengezwa kuthegi ye-VLAN.
9.Q: Ngemuva kokuthi i-chassis isebenze ngokujwayelekile isikhathi eside, kungani amanye amakhadi engasebenzi kahle?
A: Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kusebenzisa imodi yokudlulisa.Imajini yokuphakelwa kwamandla anganele kanye nokulahleka kwentambo enkulu kuyizinkinga ezinkulu.
Ngemva kokuthi i-chassis isebenza ngokujwayelekile isikhathi esithile, amanye amakhadi angase angasebenzi kahle.Uma amanye amakhadi ekhishwa, amakhadi asele asebenza ngokujwayelekile.Ngemuva kokusebenza isikhathi eside kwe-chassis, i-oxidation yesixhumi ibangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu okuhlangene.Lokhu kuphakelwa kukagesi kuwela ngaphezu kwemithethonqubo.Ububanzi obudingekayo bungase bubangele ikhadi le-chassis ukuthi libe elingavamile.Ukushintsha kwamandla kagesi ku-chassis kuvikelwe i-Schottky diode enamandla amakhulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe indlela yesixhumi nokunciphisa ukwehla kwamandla okubangelwa isifunda sokulawula nesixhumi.Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuphindaphindeka kwamandla okunikezwa kwamandla kuyakhuphuka, okwenza ukunikezwa kwamandla okusekelayo kube lula futhi kuphephe, futhi kukwenze kufaneleke kakhulu umsebenzi ongaphazamiseki wesikhathi eside.
I-10.Q: Uyini umsebenzi we-alamu yesixhumanisi enikezwe ku-transceiver?
A: I-transceiver inomsebenzi we-alamu yesixhumanisi (linkloss).Uma i-fiber ethile yehliswa, izobuyela ngokuzenzakalelayo embobeni kagesi (okungukuthi, inkomba embobeni kagesi nayo izocishwa).Uma iswishi inohlelo lokuphatha inethiwekhi, ngokushesha ikhombisa isofthiwe yokuphatha inethiwekhi ye-network management software. shintsha.