Binyuze mu mucyo, dushobora kureba indabyo n'ibimera bikikije isi ndetse n'isi.Ntabwo aribyo gusa, ahubwo dukoresheje "urumuri", dushobora kandi kohereza amakuru, aribyo bita itumanaho rya fibre optique. "Ikinyamakuru Scientific American" cyigeze gutanga ibisobanuro: "Itumanaho rya fibre ni kimwe mubintu bine byavumbuwe kuva Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose. Nta na hamwe. itumanaho rya fibre optique, ntihari kubaho imiyoboro ya interineti n'itumanaho uyumunsi.”
Itumanaho rya fibre optique nuburyo bwitumanaho aho urumuri rwumucyo rukoreshwa nkumutwara na fibre optique cyangwa fibre optique ikoreshwa nkuburyo bwo kohereza. Inkomoko y itumanaho rya "mucyo" muburyo bugezweho ryatangiriye kuri terefone optique yahimbwe na Bell muri 1880.Terefone optique ikubiyemo isoko yumucyo wamatara ya arc, mikoro yakira urumuri rwumucyo asubiza amajwi, hamwe niyakira igarura ibimenyetso byumwimerere.Ihame ni uko ijwi ryabohereje rihinduka ikimenyetso cya optique .Nyuma yo kohereza, uwakiriye asubira ku kimenyetso cyamashanyarazi, hanyuma ikimenyetso cyamashanyarazi gisubizwa guhamagara ijwi.
Nubwo itumanaho "ryoroheje" rifite intangiriro nziza, ariko kuva kera, tekinoroji yo gutumanaho ya fibre optique ntabwo yateye imbere neza.Icya mbere, kubera ko nta soko ryumucyo ryabonetse ryabonetse. Icya kabiri, nta buryo bwiza bwo kohereza ibimenyetso bya optique.Mu myaka ya za 1960, ivuka rya ruby ryashishikarije abahanga.Lazeri ifite ibyiza byo kwaguka, icyerekezo cyiza, hamwe ninshuro nyinshi hamwe nuburinganire bwicyiciro, bigatuma iba isoko nziza yo gutumanaho kwa fibre optique. Mu 1966, Gao Song wegukanye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel yatanze igitekerezo cyo gukoresha fibre yikirahure ya quartz (ni ukuvuga fibre optique, ivugwa nka fibre optique) nk'uburyo bwo gutumanaho kwa optique. Hashingiwe kuri iki gitekerezo, mu 1970, Isosiyete ya Corning yo muri Amerika yakoresheje miliyoni 30 z'amadolari y'Abanyamerika kugira ngo ikore ingero eshatu z'uburebure bwa metero 30, akaba ari yo fibre ya mbere ku isi ifite ibikorwa bifatika agaciro kubitumanaho bya fibre optique.Kuri ubu, tekinoroji ya fibre itumanaho ya optique yatangije isoko yiterambere.
Itumanaho rya fibre optique rigizwe ahanini nibice bitatu, fibre optique, transmitter optique hamwe niyakira.Muri make, imiyoboro ya optique irashobora guhindura ibimenyetso byumwimerere mubimenyetso bya optique, byoherezwa kubakira optique ikoresheje umuyoboro wa fibre optique, hanyuma amaherezo optique igarura ibimenyetso byakiriwe kubimenyetso byumwimerere.
Abantu ntibashyize ingufu mu guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ryitumanaho rya fibre-optique kuko ntabwo rifite ibyiza bya tekinike gusa ahubwo rifite imbaraga zo guhangana mu bukungu ugereranije nuburyo bwabanje gutumanaho. kurenza inshuro za microwave kuva 1 GHz kugeza 10 GHz.Ibyo bivuze ko ubushobozi bwamakuru bwitumanaho rya optique bwikubye inshuro 10,000 ugereranije na sisitemu ya microwave. Byongeye kandi, itumanaho rya fibre optique naryo rifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurwanya interineti, nka anti- urusaku rwimbere hamwe no kurwanya anti-electronique, bishobora kwemeza itumanaho ryumutekano numutekano kurwego runaka, kandi ubunini ni buto kandi byoroshye gushira.
Uyu munsi, itumanaho rya fibre optique rikoreshwa cyane mumiyoboro y'itumanaho, interineti, hamwe na tereviziyo ya televiziyo.Iratera imbere mu cyerekezo cyihuta, gupakira, guhuza, hamwe nubwenge, itera imbaraga nshya murwego rwitumanaho.Nyamara, hamwe nubwiyongere bwihuse bwikoreshwa rya interineti igendanwa, kubara ibicu, amakuru manini na interineti yibintu, the ubwiyongere bw’imodoka nabwo buzana imbogamizi zikomeye kumurongo wamakuru n’itumanaho, kandi gukemura ikibazo cy "iterambere ryihuta" ryamakuru yimikorere bigenda bihinduka umusozi uhiganwa murwego rwamakuru n’itumanaho ku isi.
Aka kazi nigikorwa cyumwimerere cya "siyanse izwi cyane Ubushinwa - ihame rya siyansi ingingo imwe yo gusobanukirwa"