UHlelo lweSekethe yeFayibha ye-FTTH

Uluhlu lokudluliselwa kwe-FTTH luhlukaniswe ngamacandelo amathathu: i-Duplex (i-fiber bidirectional) i-loop, i-Simplex (i-fiber bidirectional enye) i-loop kunye ne-Triplex (i-fiber enye yeendlela ezintathu) loop. kwaye iI-ONUisiphelo, enye indlela isezantsi, kwaye umqondiso usuka kwi-OLT ekupheleni ukuya kwisiphelo se-ONU;enye indlela iphezulu, kwaye umqondiso uvela ekupheleni kwe-ONU ukuya ekupheleni kwe-OLT.I-Simplex i-loop ye-fiber eyodwa ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Bidirectional, okanye i-BIDI ngokufutshane.Esi sisombululo sisebenzisa i-fiber optical enye kuphela ukudibanisa isiphelo se-OLT kunye nokuphela kwe-ONU, kwaye isebenzisa i-WDM ukuhambisa izibonakaliso eziphezulu kunye nezantsi kunye neempawu ze-optical ze-wavelengths ezahlukeneyo. ukunciphisa inani lefiber esetyenziswe ngesiqingatha kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokuphela komsebenzisi we-ONU.Nangona kunjalo, xa kusetyenziswe indlela ye-fiber enye, i-splitter kunye ne-componer kufuneka ifakwe kwimodyuli ye-transceiver optical.Iyinto encinci ngakumbi kunemodyuli ye-transceiver optical usebenzisa indlela ye-fiber ezimbini.Umqondiso we-BIDI onyukayo usebenzisa i-laser transmission kwi-1260 ukuya kwi-1360nm band, kwaye i-downstream isebenzisa i-1480 ukuya kwi-1580nm band.Kwi-loop yefayibha ezimbini, zombini umsinga onyukayo kunye nosezantsi sebenzisa ibhendi ye-1310nm ukuhambisa imiqondiso.

I-FTTH ineteknoloji ezimbini: iMedia Converter (MC) kunye neNethiwekhi ye-Passive Optical (PON).I-MC isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukubuyisela iingcingo zobhedu ezisetyenziselwa uthungelwano lwe-Ethernet yendabuko, kwaye ithatha i-point-to-point (P2P) i-topology yenethiwekhi yokuhambisa iinkonzo ze-100Mbps kumakhaya abasebenzisi ngokusebenzisa imicu ye-optical. uphawu olusuka kwitheminali yomgca wokubona (OLT) ezantsi ngefiber optical ngokusebenzisa i-optical splitter ukuhambisa umqondiso optical kwi-terminal network optical network (ONU/T), ngaloo ndlela inciphisa kakhulu igumbi lezixhobo zenethiwekhi kunye neendleko zokugcinwa kwezixhobo, ukonga iindleko ezininzi zokwakha ezifana neentambo zamehlo. , ngoko ke iye yaba yitekhnoloji yamva nje eshushu ye-FTTH.I-FTTH okwangoku inezisombululo ezintathu: isisombululo se-FTTH iphuzu-to-point, isisombululo se-EPON FTTH kunye ne-GPON FTTH isisombululo.

P2P-based FTTH Solution

I-P2P yi-point-to-point optical fiber uxhumano lwe-Ethernet iteknoloji yokuhambisa.Ikwasebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-WDM ukufezekisa unxibelelwano lweendlela ezimbini.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-EPON, ineempawu zokuphunyezwa kweteknoloji elula, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nokufikelela ngokulula kwinani elincinci labasebenzisi.

Inethiwekhi ye-P2P FTTH ihambisa i-wavelengths ephezulu kunye nezantsi kwi-fiber optical fiber phakathi kwe-ofisi ephakathi kunye nesixhobo somsebenzisi nge-WDM, kwaye umsebenzisi ngamnye ufuna kuphela i-fiber optical fiber.I-wavelength enyukayo yi-1310nm, kwaye i-wavelength ephantsi yi-1550nm. Ngokusebenzisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-fiber optical, i-Ethernet yandiswa ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka kwiofisi ephakathi ukuya kwi-desktop yomsebenzisi.Ngelixa ukubonelela nge-bandwidth ephezulu kunye nendlela yokufikelela kwezoqoqosho, kuphelisa ubunzima bokunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nokugcinwa kokutshintshwa kwe-corridor kwindlela yokufikelela kwi-Ethernet yendabuko, kwaye ugweme Ubunzima bokubuyisela utyalo-mali olubangelwa izinga eliphantsi lokuvula, ukuvulwa okuguquguqukayo kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu.Kwisisombululo se-P2P, abasebenzisi banokonwabela ngokwenene i-100M bandwidth ngokukhethekileyo, kwaye baxhase ngokulula iinkonzo eziphezulu ze-bandwidth ezifana nevidiyo, ividiyo kwimfuno, i-telemedicine, kunye nemfundo yomgama.Ngelixa uxhasa izicelo zedatha ye-speed-speed, inokubonelela nge-E1 interface kunye ne-POTS interface, ukwenzela ukuba iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo ezazifuna i-wiring ezizimeleyo zingasombululwa ngefiber enye.

EPON-based FTTH Solution

I-EPON ithatha i-point-to-multipoint structure kunye ne-passive optical fiber transmission method.Isantya esisezantsi sinokufikelela ngoku kwi-10Gb / s, kwaye i-upstream ithumela imilambo yedatha ekuqhumeni kweepakethi ze-Ethernet.Ukongeza, i-EPON ikwabonelela ngemisebenzi ethile, ukugcinwa kunye nolawulo (OAM) imisebenzi.EPONitekhnoloji ihambelana kakuhle nezixhobo ezikhoyo.Ubuchwephesha obusanda kuphuhliswa koMgangatho weNkonzo (QoS) yenza ukuba i-Ethernet ikwazi ukuxhasa ilizwi, idatha kunye neenkonzo zemifanekiso.Ezi teknoloji ziquka inkxaso epheleleyo ye-duplex, i-priority kunye ne-virtual local area network (VLAN).

I-EPON isebenzisa i-fiber optical ukudibanisa phakathi kwezixhobo zeofisi ephakathi kunye ne-ODN optical coupler.Emva kokwahlula kwi-coupler ebonakalayo, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-32 abasebenzisi banokudityaniswa.Ukuphakama komlambo yi-1310nm, kunye ne-wavelength esezantsi yi-1490nm.I-fiber optical evela kwi-PON port ye-OLT idibanisa i-analog ye-1550nm okanye i-digital CATV optical signal kwi-fiber optical ngokusebenzisa i-multiplexer, kwaye emva koko idibanisaI-ONUemva kokwahlulwa yi-coupler ebonakalayo.I-ONU yohlula isignali ye-CATV ye-1550nm kwaye iyiguqulele kwisignali yefrikhwensi yerediyo enokufunyanwa yi-TV eqhelekileyo.I-ONU iphinda isebenze isignali yedatha ethunyelwe yi-OLT kwaye iyithumele kwi-interface yomsebenzisi.I-interface yomsebenzisi inokubonelela nge-FE kunye ne-TDM i-interfaces ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zenkonzo yomsebenzisi yokufikelela kwi-broadband, kwaye iyahambelana neemfuno zenkonzo ye-TDM yabaqhubi abakhoyo.I-EPON isebenzisa iteknoloji ye-WDM ukuqonda i-point-to-multipoint yonxibelelwano lweendlela ezimbini kwi-fiber optical enye.Ineempawu zefomathi ecacileyo kunye nexabiso eliphantsi, kwaye lihambelana nomgangatho wophuhliso lwe-IP-based network networks next-generation.Ukuqwalasela ukuba ikamva "amanethiwekhi amathathu kwelinye" liya kusebenzisa i-IP njengeprotocol engundoqo, ezininzi iingcali zikholelwa ukuba i-EPON isisombululo esona sisombululo sokuqonda i-FTTH kwixesha elizayo.

GPON-based FTTH Solution

GPONyitekhnoloji yamva nje yokufikelela kwi-Optical eyasungulwa yi-ITU-T emva kwe-A/BPON.Ngo-2001, i-FSAN yaqala omnye umsebenzi osemgangathweni ojolise ekulinganiseni amanethiwekhi e-PON (GPON) kunye nezantya zokusebenza eziphezulu kune-1Gb / s.Ukongeza ekuxhaseni isantya esiphezulu, i-GPON ikwaxhasa iinkonzo ezininzi ngokusebenza okuphezulu, ukubonelela ngemisebenzi emininzi ye-OAM & P kunye nokulinganisa okulungileyo.Iimpawu eziphambili zeGPON zezi:

1) Ukuxhasa zonke iinkonzo.

2) Umgama wokugubungela ubuncinci yi-20km.

3) Ukuxhasa amaxabiso amaninzi phantsi kweprotocol efanayo.

4) Ukubonelela nge-OAM & P umsebenzi.

I-5) Ngokweempawu zokusasazwa kwe-PON ye-traffic traffic, indlela yokukhusela ukhuseleko kwi-protocol layer inikezelwa.

Umgangatho we-GPON ubonelela ngelona nqanaba losulelo olusebenzayo kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo, ngelixa kuthathelwa ingqalelo imisebenzi ye-OAM&P kunye nokuphucula amandla.I-GPON ayinikezeli nje kuphela i-bandwidth ephezulu, kodwa ixhasa kwakhona iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zokufikelela, ngakumbi kwiinkcukacha kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-TDM, ukuxhasa ifomathi yokuqala ngaphandle kokuguqulwa.GPON ithatha i-protocol entsha ye-convergence layer protocol "i-General Framing Protocol (GFP)" ukuze iqonde i-encapsulation of multiple imijelo yenkonzo;okwangoku, igcina imisebenzi emininzi kwi-G.983 enganxulumananga ngokuthe ngqo ne-PON protocol, efana ne-OAM kunye ne-DBA.