I-FTTH Fiber Circuit Classification

Ungqimba lokudlulisela lwe-FTTH luhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu: iluphu ye-Duplex (i-dual fiber bidirectional), i-Simplex (i-fiber eyodwa bidirectional) iluphu kanye ne-Triplex (i-fiber eyodwa yendlela emithathu) loop. kanye neI-ONUekugcineni, enye indlela yezansi nomfula, futhi isignali isuka ekugcineni kwe-OLT iye ekugcineni kwe-ONU;enye indlela ikhuphuka nomfula, futhi isignali isuka ekugcineni kwe-ONU kuya ekugcineni kwe-OLT.I-Simplex single-fiber loop ibizwa nangokuthi i-Bidirectional, noma i-BIDI ngamafuphi.Lesi sixazululo sisebenzisa i-fiber optical eyodwa kuphela ukuxhuma ukuphela kwe-OLT kanye nokuphela kwe-ONU, futhi sisebenzisa i-WDM ukudlulisa amasignali akhuphuka nomfula kanye namasignali optical amaza ahlukene ahlukene. ukunciphisa inani le-fiber esetshenziswa ngesigamu futhi unciphise izindleko zokuphela komsebenzisi we-ONU.Kodwa-ke, lapho kusetshenziswa indlela ye-fiber eyodwa, i-splitter kanye nesihlanganisi kufanele yethulwe kumojula ye-transceiver optical.Kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane kunemodule ye-transceiver optical usebenzisa indlela ye-dual fiber.Isiginali ye-BIDI ekhuphukayo yomfula isebenzisa ukudluliswa kwe-laser kwibhendi engu-1260 kuya ku-1360nm, futhi eyaphansi isebenzisa ibhendi engu-1480 kuya ku-1580nm.Kuluphu ye-dual-fiber, kokubili ukuya phezulu nomfula kusebenzisa ibhendi engu-1310nm ukudlulisa amasignali.

I-FTTH inobuchwepheshe obubili: I-Media Converter (MC) ne-Passive Optical Network (PON).I-MC isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufaka esikhundleni sezintambo zethusi ezisetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi endabuko e-Ethernet, futhi yamukela i-topology yenethiwekhi ye-point-to-point (P2P) ukuze idlulisele izinsiza ezingu-100Mbps ezindlini zabasebenzisi ngokusebenzisa ama-optical fibers. isignali evela ku-optical line terminal (OLT) phansi komfula ngokusebenzisa i-fiber optical ngokusebenzisa i-splitter optical ukudlulisa isignali ye-optical ku-terminal yenethiwekhi ye-optical ngayinye (ONU/T), ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu igumbi lempahla yenethiwekhi Kanye nezindleko zokugcinwa kwemishini, konga izindleko eziningi zokwakha njengezintambo ezibonakalayo. ,ngakho-ke isibe ubuchwepheshe bakamuva obushisayo be-FTTH.I-FTTH okwamanje inezixazululo ezintathu: isixazululo se-FTTH sokukhomba-kuya-ephuzwini, isixazululo se-EPON FTTH kanye nesixazululo se-GPON FTTH.

Isixazululo se-FTTH esisekelwe ku-P2P

I-P2P iyi-point-to-point optical fiber connection Ethernet transmission technology.Iphinde isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-WDM ukuze kuzuzwe ukuxhumana okubili.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-EPON, inezici zokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe okulula, intengo ephansi nokufinyelela okulula kwenani elincane labasebenzisi.

Inethiwekhi ye-P2P FTTH idlulisela amaza okuphakama komfula naphansi komfula ngefayibha eyodwa yokubona phakathi kweswishi yehhovisi elimaphakathi nezinto zokusebenza nge-WDM, futhi umsebenzisi ngamunye udinga i-optical fiber eyodwa kuphela.I-wavelength ekhuphukayo ingu-1310nm, futhi i-wavelength engezansi ingu-1550nm. Ngokusetshenziswa kwe-optical fiber transmission, i-Ethernet inwetshwa ngokuqondile kusukela ehhovisi eliphakathi kuya kudeskithophu yomsebenzisi.Nakuba ihlinzeka ngomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu kanye nendlela yokufinyelela eyongayo, iqeda ubunzima bokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi nokugcinwa komshini wokushintsha umhubhe ngendlela evamile yokufinyelela ye-Ethernet, futhi igwema Ubunzima bokubuyisela utshalomali olubangelwa izinga eliphansi lokuvula, ukuvulwa okuvumelana nezimo nokuphepha okuphezulu.Esixazululweni se-P2P, abasebenzisi bangajabulela ngempela umkhawulokudonsa ongu-100M kuphela, futhi basekele kalula izinsizakalo zomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu ezifana nefoni yefoni, ividiyo edingeka kakhulu, i-telemedicine, kanye nemfundo yebanga.Nakuba isekela izinhlelo zokusebenza zedatha enesivinini esikhulu, inganikeza isikhombimsebenzisi se-E1 nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-POTS, ukuze izinsiza ezihlukahlukene ekuqaleni ezazidinga izintambo ezizimele zingaxazululwa ngefayibha eyodwa.

Isixazululo se-FTTH esisekelwe ku-EPON

I-EPON isebenzisa isakhiwo se-point-to-multipoint kanye nendlela yokudlulisa i-fiber optical passive.Izinga eliphansi lomfula okwamanje lingafinyelela ku-10Gb/s, futhi umfula okhuphukayo uthumela ukusakazwa kwedatha ngokuqhuma kwamaphakethe e-Ethernet.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-EPON futhi ihlinzeka ngemisebenzi ethile, ukugcinwa nokuphatha (i-OAM).I-EPONubuchwepheshe buhambisana kahle nemishini ekhona.Ubuchwepheshe obusha obuthuthukisiwe be-Quality of Service (QoS) benza kube nokwenzeka ukuthi i-Ethernet isekele izinsiza zezwi, idatha nezithombe.Lobu buchwepheshe buhlanganisa ukwesekwa kwe-duplex egcwele, okubalulekile kanye nenethiwekhi yendawo yendawo (VLAN).

I-EPON isebenzisa i-optical fiber ukuze ixhume phakathi kwemishini yehhovisi emaphakathi ne-ODN optical coupler.Ngemva kokuhlukanisa ngokusebenzisa i-coupler ebonakalayo, abasebenzisi abangafika kwabangama-32 bangaxhunywa.I-wavelength ekhuphukayo ingu-1310nm, kanti i-wavelength engezansi ingu-1490nm.I-fiber optical evela echwebeni le-PON le-OLT ihlanganisa i-analog engu-1550nm noma isignali ye-CATV yedijithali kufibre optical ngokusebenzisa i-multiplexer, bese ixhumaI-ONUngemuva kokuhlukaniswa yi-optical coupler.I-ONU ihlukanisa isignali ye-CATV engu-1550nm futhi iyiguqule ibe isignali yefrikhwensi yomsakazo engatholwa yi-TV evamile.I-ONU iphinda icubungule isignali yedatha ethunyelwe i-OLT futhi iyithumele kusixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi.Isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi singanikeza izixhumi ezibonakalayo ze-FE ne-TDM ukuze zihlangabezane nezimfuneko zesevisi yomsebenzisi zokufinyelela i-broadband, futhi ihambisana nezimfuneko zesevisi ye-TDM yabasebenzisi abakhona.I-EPON isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-WDM ukuze ibone ukuxhumana kwe-point-to-multipoint ku-fiber optical eyodwa.Inezici zefomethi esobala kanye nenani eliphansi, futhi ihambisana nethrendi yokuthuthukiswa kwamanethiwekhi esizukulwane esilandelayo asekelwe ku-IP.Ngokucabangela ukuthi ikusasa "amanethiwekhi amathathu kwelinye" azosebenzisa i-IP njengephrothokholi eyinhloko, ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi i-EPON iyisixazululo esingcono kakhulu sokubona i-FTTH esikhathini esizayo.

Isixazululo se-FTTH esisekelwe ku-GPON

I-GPONubuchwepheshe bamuva nje bokufinyelela olwethulwe yi-ITU-T ngemva kwe-A/BPON.Ngo-2001, i-FSAN yaqala omunye umsebenzi ojwayelekile okuhloswe ngawo ukumisa amanethiwekhi e-PON (GPON) anesivinini sokusebenza esingaphezu kuka-1Gb/s.Ngaphezu kokusekela isivinini esiphezulu, i-GPON iphinde isekele izinsiza eziningi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ihlinzeka ngemisebenzi eminingi ye-OAM&P kanye nokukaleka okuhle.Izici eziyinhloko ze-GPON yilezi:

1) Sekela zonke izinsiza.

2) Ibanga lokuhamba okungenani lingama-20km.

3) Sekela amanani amaningi ngaphansi kwephrothokholi efanayo.

4) Nikeza umsebenzi we-OAM&P.

5) Ngokwezici zokusakaza zethrafikhi ye-PON eyehla nomfula, indlela yokuvikela ukuphepha kusendlalelo sephrothokholi inikezwa.

Izinga le-GPON lihlinzeka ngezinga lokudlulisela elisebenza kahle kakhulu lezinsizakalo ezahlukene, kuyilapho kucatshangelwa imisebenzi ye-OAM&P kanye nokuthuthukisa amakhono.I-GPON ayihlinzeki nje kuphela ngomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, kodwa futhi isekela izinsiza ezihlukahlukene zokufinyelela, ikakhulukazi kudatha kanye nokudluliselwa kwe-TDM, isekela ifomethi yasekuqaleni ngaphandle kokuguqulwa.I-GPON yamukela i-protocol entsha ye-convergence layer protocol "i-General Framing Protocol (GFP)" ukuze ibone ukuhlanganisa okuningi. imifudlana yesevisi;okwamanje, igcina imisebenzi eminingi ku-G.983 engahlobene ngokuqondile nephrothokholi ye-PON, njenge-OAM ne-DBA.