EPON na GPON bafite ibyiza byabo.Uhereye kubikorwa byerekana, GPON iruta EPON, ariko EPON ifite ibyiza byigihe nigiciro.GPON iri gufata.Dutegereje ejo hazaza hifashishijwe isoko ryagutse, ntibishobora kuba uwasimbuye uwo, bigomba kubana kandi byuzuzanya.Kumurongo mugari, serivise nyinshi, QoS nyinshi nibisabwa byumutekano, hamwe nabakiriya bafite tekinoroji ya ATM nkumuyoboro wumugongo, GPON izaba ikwiriye.Kubiciro-byoroshye, QoS, hamwe nitsinda ryumutekano mukiriya, EPON yabaye yiganje.
PON ni iki?
Umuyoboro mugari wa tekinoroji uragenda wiyongera, ugenewe guhinduka intambara aho umwotsi utazigera ushira.Kugeza ubu, imiyoboro yimbere mu gihugu iracyari ikoranabuhanga rya ADSL, ariko abakora ibikoresho byinshi hamwe nababikora berekeje ibitekerezo byabo kuri tekinoroji ya optique.
Ibiciro byumuringa bikomeje kwiyongera, ibiciro byumugozi wa optique bikomeje kugabanuka, kandi kwiyongera kwinshi kwaguka kuva kuri IPTV na serivise yimikino ya videwo bitera iterambere rya FTTH.Amahirwe meza yo gusimbuza insinga z'umuringa ninsinga za coaxial hamwe ninsinga za optique, terefone, televiziyo ya kabili, hamwe namakuru ya gatatu yagutse arasobanuka neza.
PON (Umuyoboro wa Passive OpTIcal) umuyoboro wa optique ni tekinoroji nyamukuru yo kugera kuri fibre FTTH murugo, itanga ingingo-kuri-kugwiza fibre.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 1, igizwe na OLT (optique yumurongo wa optique) kuruhande rwibiro no kuruhande rwabakoresha Igizwe na ONU (Optical Network Unit) na ODN (Umuyoboro wa Optical Distribution Network).Mubisanzwe, epfo ikoresha TDM isakaza kandi hejuru ikoresha TDMA (Igihe cyo Kugabana Igihe Cyinshi) kugirango ikore ingingo-kuri-kugwiza ibiti topologiya.PON, nkahantu hanini cyane hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya optique, ni "pasive".ODN ntabwo ikubiyemo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bikora nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.Byose bigizwe nibikoresho bya pasiporo nka optique itandukanya (Splitter).Amafaranga yo gucunga, kubungabunga no gukora ni make.
Ibiranga tekinike ya EPON na GPON
EPON igamije guhuza na tekinoroji ya Ethernet igezweho.Nibikomeza protocole 802.3 kumurongo wa optique.Iragwa neza ibyiza byibiciro bya Ethernet, protocole yoroheje, hamwe nikoranabuhanga rikuze.Ifite isoko ryagutse kandi rihuza neza.GPON ihagaze mu nganda zikoresha itumanaho kugirango ikenere serivisi nyinshi, serivisi zuzuye hamwe na garanti ya QoS, kandi iharanira gushakira igisubizo cyiza gishyigikira serivisi zose kandi gifite imikorere ihanitse, isaba "gusubiramo kandi byuzuye amasezerano yose kumugaragaro. ”.
Ibiranga tekinike ya EPON ni ibi bikurikira:
1) Ethernet niyitwara ryiza ryo gutwara serivisi za IP;
2) Kubungabunga byoroshye, byoroshye kwaguka, byoroshye kuzamura;
3) Ibikoresho bya EPON birakuze kandi birahari.EPON yashyizeho imirongo miriyoni muri Aziya.Igisekuru cya gatatu cyibicuruzwa byashyizwe ahagaragara.Ibiciro bya optique modules hamwe na chip byagabanutse cyane, bigera ku gipimo cyo gukoresha ubucuruzi, gishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu bucuruzi bwagutse;
4) Porotokole ya EPON iroroshye kandi ikiguzi cyo kuyishyira mu bikorwa ni gito, kandi igiciro cyibikoresho ni gito.Ikoranabuhanga rikwiye cyane rirasabwa murusobe rwa metero, ntabwo ari tekinoroji nziza;
5) Birakwiriye cyane kumurongo wo murugo, metropolitani udafite umutwaro wa ATM cyangwa BPON;
6) Birakwiriye cyane ejo hazaza, IP itwara serivisi zose, na Ethernet itwara serivisi za IP.
Ibiranga tekinike ya GPON ni ibi bikurikira:
1) Kugera kumurongo wibikorwa byitumanaho;
2) Umuyoboro mwinshi: igipimo cyumurongo, kumanuka 2.488Gb / s, hejuru 1.244Gb / s;3) Gukwirakwiza kwinshi: imyitwarire yo hasi 94% (umurongo nyawo ugera kuri 2.4G) imyitwarire yo hejuru 93% (umurongo nyawo ugera kuri 1.1G);
3) Inkunga yuzuye ya serivise: Igipimo cya G.984.X gisobanura neza inkunga ya serivise yuzuye yo gutwara (ijwi, amakuru na videwo);
4) Ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kuyobora: hamwe nimirimo ikungahaye, indangarugero ya OAM ibitswe muburyo bwimiterere, kandi ibipimo bya OMCI byashyizweho;
5) Ubwiza bwa serivisi nziza: urwego rwa QoS rwinshi rushobora kwemeza byimazeyo umurongo no gutinza ibisabwa mubucuruzi;
6) Igiciro gito cyuzuye: Intera ndende yoherejwe hamwe nigipimo kinini cyo kugabana, ikwirakwiza neza ibiciro bya OLT kandi igabanya ibiciro byabakoresha.
Niki cyiza, EPON vs GPON?
1. Ibipimo byemejwe na EPON na GPON biratandukanye.Birashobora kuvugwa ko GPON yateye imbere kandi irashobora kohereza umurongo mwinshi, kandi irashobora kuzana abakoresha benshi kuruta EPON.GPON yakomotse kuri tekinoroji ya mbere ya APON \ BPON yo gutumanaho kwa fibre optique, yakozwe kuva aha.Imiterere ya ATM ikoreshwa mugukwirakwiza kode ya kode.E ya EPON bivuga Ethernet ihujwe, bityo mugitangira ivuka rya EPON, byasabwaga kuba ushobora guhuza bitaziguye kandi bidasubirwaho na enterineti, bityo code ya EPON nuburyo bwimiterere ya Ethernet.Byumvikane ko, kugirango uhuze nogukwirakwiza kuri fibre optique, imiterere yikadiri yasobanuwe na EPON ipfunyitse hanze yikadiri yimiterere ya Ethernet.
2. Igipimo cya EPON ni IEEE 802.3ah.Ihame ryibanze rya IEEE mugushiraho ibipimo bya EPON ni uguhuza EPON muburyo bwa 802.3 bwubatswe uko bishoboka, no kwagura protocole ya MAC ya Ethernet isanzwe kurwego rwo hasi.
3. Igipimo cya GPON ni ITU-TG.984 y'uruhererekane rw'ibipimo.Gutegura ibipimo bya GPON byita ku nkunga ya serivisi gakondo ya TDM kandi ikomeza gukoresha imiterere ya 125ms yagenwe kugirango ibungabunge igihe 8K.Kugirango ushyigikire protocole nyinshi nka ATM, GPON isobanura imiterere-shyashya igizwe na GEM: GPONEncapsulaTIonMethod.Amakuru ya ATM hamwe nandi protocole arashobora kuvangwa no gushyirwa mubice.
4. Kubijyanye no gusaba, GPON ifite umurongo mugari kuruta EPON, uyitwara neza arakora neza, kandi ubushobozi bwo gutandukanya optique burakomeye.Irashobora kohereza serivise nini nini, kumenya byinshi kubakoresha, kwitondera cyane serivisi nyinshi na garanti ya QoS, ariko ikagera kuri byinshi Biragoye, bigatuma igiciro cyayo iba hejuru ugereranije na EPON, ariko hamwe nogukoresha nini nini ya tekinoroji ya GPON, itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati ya GPON na EPON rigenda rigabanuka buhoro buhoro.