Ibibazo nibisubizo byahuye mugushiraho no gukoresha fibre optique
Intambwe yambere: banza urebe niba urumuri rwerekana urumuri rwa fibre optique cyangwa module ya optique hamwe nurumuri rwerekanwa rwerekanwa rwerekanwa?
1. Niba icyerekezo cya optique (FX) cyerekana A transceiver kiri kandi icyerekezo cya optique (FX) cyerekana B transceiver ntabwo kiri, ikosa riri kuruhande rwa transceiver: ikintu kimwe gishoboka ni: Transceiver (TX) ihererekanyabubasha Icyambu ni kibi kuko icyambu cya optique (RX) cya B transceiver kitakira ibimenyetso bya optique;ikindi gishoboka ni: hari ikibazo kijyanye niyi fibre ihuza optique yohereza icyambu cya A transceiver (TX), nka jumper yamenetse.
2. Niba icyerekezo cya FX cyerekana transceiver kizimye, nyamuneka urebe niba fibre ihuza fibre ihuza?Impera imwe ya fibre isimbuka ihujwe muburyo bubangikanye;iyindi mpera ihujwe muburyo bwambukiranya.
3. Ikimenyetso kigoretse (TP) cyarazimye, nyamuneka urebe neza ko guhuza ibice byombi ari bibi cyangwa guhuza ni bibi?Nyamuneka koresha ikizamini cyo gukomeza kugirango umenye (icyakora, icyerekezo kigoretse cyerekana impinduka zimwe zigomba gutegereza umurongo wa fibre optique Itara nyuma yumuhanda uhujwe).
4. Transcevers zimwe zifite ibyambu bibiri bya RJ45: (ToHUB) byerekana ko umurongo uhuza kuri switch ari umurongo ugororotse;(ToNode) yerekana ko umurongo uhuza kuri switch ari umurongo wambukiranya.
5. Imashini zitanga imisatsi zimwe zifite MPR ihinduranya kuruhande: bivuze ko umurongo uhuza kuri switch ari uburyo bugororotse;Guhindura DTE: umurongo uhuza kuri switch ni uburyo bwambukiranya.
Intambwe ya 2: Gisesengura no gusuzuma niba hari ikibazo cyo gusimbuka fibre hamwe ninsinga za fibre optique?
1. Kumenyekanisha kumurongo wa fibre optique: koresha urumuri rwa laser, urumuri rwizuba, nibindi kugirango umurikire impera imwe ya fibre jumper;reba niba hari urumuri rugaragara kurundi ruhande?Niba hari urumuri rugaragara, byerekana ko fibre jumper itavunitse.
2. Kumenya guhuza insinga ya optique no guhagarika: koresha itara rya laser, urumuri rwizuba, umubiri wumucyo kugirango umurikire impera yumurongo wa optique uhuza cyangwa uhuza;reba niba hari urumuri rugaragara kurundi ruhande?Niba hari urumuri rugaragara, byerekana ko insinga ya optique itavunitse.
Intambwe ya 3: Igice cya / cyuzuye duplex nuburyo butari bwo?
Transceivers zimwe zifite FDX zihindura kuruhande: duplex yuzuye;Guhindura HDX: igice cya duplex.
Intambwe ya 4: Gerageza ukoresheje metero ya optique
Imbaraga zamurika za optique ya fibre optique cyangwa module ya optique mubihe bisanzwe: multimode: hagati ya -10db - 18db;uburyo bumwe-20 km: hagati ya -8db - 15db;uburyo bumwe-60 km: hagati ya -5db - 12db;Niba imbaraga za luminous ya optique fibre transceiver iri hagati ya: -30db - 45db, noneho birashobora kugaragara ko hari ikibazo cyiyi transceiver
Ibintu bikeneye kwitabwaho na fibre optique
Kugirango byorohe, nibyiza gukoresha ikibazo nigisubizo, gishobora kugaragara ukireba.
1. Ese optique ya optique ubwayo ishyigikira byuzuye-duplex na kimwe cya kabiri?
Amashanyarazi amwe ku isoko arashobora gukoresha gusa ibidukikije byuzuye muri iki gihe, kandi ntibishobora gushyigikira kimwe cya kabiri.Kurugero, niba bahujwe nibindi birango byahinduwe (SWITCH) cyangwa hub (HUB), kandi ikoresha igice cya duplex, bizatera rwose amakimbirane akomeye no gutakaza paki.
2. Wigeze ugerageza guhuza nizindi fibre transibiver?
Kugeza ubu, ku isoko hari byinshi kandi byinshi bya fibre optique.Niba guhuza transcevers yibirango bitandukanye bitageragejwe mbere, bizanatera igihombo, igihe cyo kohereza, kandi byihuse kandi bitinda.
3. Hari igikoresho cyumutekano kugirango wirinde gutakaza paki?
Kugirango ugabanye ibiciro, ababikora bamwe bakoresha uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru kugirango bagabanye ibiciro.Ingaruka nini yubu buryo nuko ihererekanyabubasha ridahungabana no gutakaza paki.Ibyiza nugukoresha umurongo wa bffer igishushanyo, gifite umutekano Irinde gutakaza data packet.
4. Guhuza n'ubushyuhe?
Optique fibre transceiver ubwayo izabyara ubushyuhe bwinshi iyo ikoreshejwe.Iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane (butarenze 50 ° C), niba optique ya fibre optique ikora neza nikintu gikwiye kwitabwaho nabakiriya!
5. Yujuje ubuziranenge bwa IEEE802.3u?
Niba optique ya fibre optique yujuje ubuziranenge bwa IEEE802.3, ni ukuvuga ko igihe cyo gutinda kigenzurwa kuri 46bit, niba kirenze 46bit, bivuze ko intera yoherejwe ya optique ya fibre optique izagabanuka.
Inshamake n'ibisubizo by'ibibazo bisanzwe bya fibre optique
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa fibre optique, ariko uburyo bwo gusuzuma amakosa burasa.Muncamake, amakosa agaragara muri fibre optique transcevers naya akurikira:
1. Itara ry'amashanyarazi rirazimye, gutanga amashanyarazi ni amakosa;
2. Itara rya Link rirazimye, kandi amakosa arashobora kuba gutya:
a.Reba niba umurongo wa fibre optique wacitse
b.Reba niba igihombo cya fibre ari kinini kandi kirenze icyiciro cyo kwakira ibikoresho
c.Reba niba fibre ya fibre ihujwe neza, TX yaho ihujwe na RX ya kure, naho TX ya kure ihujwe na RX yaho.
d.Reba niba optique ya fibre optique yinjijwe mumashusho yimikorere idahwitse, niba ubwoko bwasimbutse buhuye nigikoresho cyibikoresho, niba ubwoko bwibikoresho buhuye na fibre optique, kandi niba uburebure bwikwirakwizwa bwibikoresho buhuye nintera.
3. Itara ryumuzunguruko wumucyo urazimye, kandi amakosa arashobora kuba gutya:
a.Reba niba insinga y'urusobe yaracitse;
b.Reba niba ubwoko bwihuza buhuye: amakarita y'urusobekerane na router ikoresha insinga zambukiranya imipaka, hamwe na switch, hubs nibindi bikoresho bikoresha insinga zinyuze;
c.Reba niba igipimo cyo kohereza ibikoresho gihuye;
4. Gutakaza paki y'urusobe birakomeye, kandi kunanirwa gushoboka nibi bikurikira:
a.Icyambu cyamashanyarazi ya transceiver ntabwo gihuye numuyoboro wibikoresho byurusobe, cyangwa uburyo bwa duplex bwimikorere yibikoresho kumpera zombi.
b.Niba hari ikibazo kijyanye no kugoreka hamwe n'umutwe wa RJ-45, reba
c.Ikibazo cya fibre optique ihuza, niba isimbuka ihujwe nigikoresho cyibikoresho, kandi niba ingurube ihuye nubwoko bwa jumper na coupler.
5. Nyuma ya fibre transceiver ihujwe, impande zombi ntizishobora kuvugana
a Fibre optique irahindurwa, kandi fibre optique ihujwe na TX na RX irasimburwa
b.Imigaragarire ya RJ45 ntabwo ihujwe neza nigikoresho cyo hanze (andika neza kandi unyuze)
Imigaragarire ya fibre optique (ceramic ferrule) ntabwo ihuye.Iri kosa rigaragarira cyane cyane muri 100M transceiver hamwe nibikorwa byo kugenzura ifoto yumuriro.Ifoto ya elegitoroniki yo kugenzura transceiver nta ngaruka igira.
6. Ibintu bidasanzwe
a.Birashoboka ko attenuation yinzira nziza ari nini cyane.Muri iki gihe, imbaraga za optique zo kwakira amaherezo zishobora gupimwa na metero ya optique.Niba ari hafi yo kwakira ibyiyumvo, birashobora gufatwa nkinzira nziza yo kunanirwa hagati ya 1-2dB
b.Guhindura bihujwe na transceiver birashobora kuba amakosa.Muri iki gihe, switch isimburwa na PC, ni ukuvuga, transcevers zombi zahujwe na PC, kandi impera zombi zahujwe na PING.
c.Transceiver irashobora kuba ifite amakosa.Muri iki gihe, huza impande zombi za transceiver kuri PC (ntunyure muri switch).Nyuma yimpera zombi ntakibazo na PING, ohereza dosiye nini (100M) kuva kuruhande rumwe kugeza kurundi.Itegereze Umuvuduko wacyo, niba umuvuduko utinda cyane (iminota irenga 15 yo kohereza dosiye munsi ya 200M), irashobora gufatwa nkikibazo cyo gutsindwa.
d.Itumanaho rihanuka nyuma yigihe runaka, ni ukuvuga, itumanaho rirananirana, kandi risubira mubisanzwe nyuma yo gutangira.
Iyi phenomenon muri rusange iterwa na switch.Guhindura bizakora amakosa ya CRC no kumenya uburebure kuri data yose yakiriwe, hanyuma urebe ko paki itariyo izajugunywa, kandi paki iboneye izoherezwa.Nyamara, udupaki tumwe na tumwe dufite amakosa muriki gikorwa ntushobora kuboneka mugutahura amakosa ya CRC. Kugenzura uburebure.Ipaki nkiyi ntizoherezwa cyangwa gutabwa mugihe cyo kohereza, kandi zizegeranya muri cache ifite imbaraga.Muri (buffer), ntishobora na rimwe koherezwa hanze.Iyo buffer yuzuye, bizatera guhinduka guhanuka.Kuberako gutangira transceiver cyangwa gutangira switch muri iki gihe birashobora kugarura itumanaho mubisanzwe, abakoresha mubisanzwe batekereza ko arikibazo cya transceiver.
8. Uburyo bwo gupima Transceiver
Niba ubona ko hari ikibazo kijyanye na transceiver ihuza, nyamuneka gerageza ukurikije uburyo bukurikira kugirango umenye icyateye gutsindwa
a.Ikizamini cyegereje:
Mudasobwa ku mpande zombi zirashobora guhina, niba zishobora guterwa, irerekana ko ntakibazo gihari cya fibre optique.Niba ikizamini cyegereje-cyananiwe gushyikirana, birashobora gufatwa nkibinaniranye.
b Ikizamini cya kure:
Mudasobwa kumpera zombi zahujwe na PING.Niba PING itaboneka, ugomba kugenzura niba inzira ya optique ihuza ibisanzwe kandi niba kohereza no kwakira imbaraga za optique fibre transceiver iri murwego rwemewe.Niba ishobora gutondekwa, irerekana ko guhuza optique ari ibisanzwe.Birashobora kugaragara ko amakosa ari kuri switch.
c.Ikizamini cya kure kugirango umenye aho amakosa ari:
Banza uhuze impera imwe kuri switch na mpande zombi kuri PING.Niba nta kosa rihari, birashobora gufatwa nkamakosa yandi mahinduka.
Ibibazo bisanzwe byasesenguwe hepfo binyuze kubibazo nibisubizo
Nkurikije kubungabunga buri munsi nibibazo byabakoresha, nzabivuga muri make muburyo bumwe bwibibazo nibisubizo, nizeye kuzana ubufasha kubakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga, kugirango bamenye icyateye amakosa ukurikije ikibazo, nkerekana amakosa ngingo, kandi “ukosore imiti”.
1. Ikibazo: Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ihuza bukoreshwa mugihe icyambu cya RJ45 gihujwe nibindi bikoresho?
Igisubizo: Icyambu cya RJ45 cya transceiver gihujwe n'ikarita ya neti ya PC (ibikoresho bya DTE data terminal) ikoresheje guhuza ibice, kandi igahuzwa na HUB cyangwa SWITCH (ibikoresho byitumanaho rya DCE) ikoresheje ibice byombi.
2. Ikibazo: Niyihe mpamvu ituma urumuri rwa TxLink ruzimya?
Igisubizo: 1. Abagore bombi bagoretse bahujwe;2. Umutwe uhindagurika umutwe wa kristu ntabwo uhuye neza nigikoresho cyangwa ubwiza bwikigina ubwacyo;3. Igikoresho ntabwo gihujwe neza.
3. Ikibazo: Niyihe mpamvu ituma urumuri rwa TxLink rudahumbya ariko rugumaho nyuma ya fibre ihujwe bisanzwe?
Igisubizo: 1. Intera yoherejwe ni ndende cyane;2. Guhuza ikarita y'urusobe (ihujwe na PC).
4. Ikibazo: Niyihe mpamvu ituma urumuri rwa FxLink ruzimya?
Umugozi wa fibre uhujwe nabi, uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza ni TX-RX, RX-TX, cyangwa uburyo bwa fibre nibeshya;
Intera yoherejwe ni ndende cyane cyangwa igihombo kiri hagati ni kinini cyane, kirenze igihombo cyizina cyibicuruzwa.Igisubizo nugufata ingamba zo kugabanya igihombo hagati cyangwa kugisimbuza intera ndende yoherejwe.
Ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwa optique fibre transceiver ni ndende cyane.
5. Ikibazo: Niyihe mpamvu ituma urumuri rwa FxLink rudahumbya ariko rugumaho nyuma ya fibre ihujwe bisanzwe?
Igisubizo: Muri rusange ikosa riterwa nintera yo kohereza ari ndende cyane cyangwa igihombo kiri hagati cyane, kirenze igihombo cyizina cyibicuruzwa.Igisubizo nukugabanya igihombo kiri hagati cyangwa kugisimbuza intera ndende yoherejwe.
6. Ikibazo: Nakora iki niba amatara atanu yose yaka cyangwa ibipimo nibisanzwe ariko bidashobora kohereza?
Igisubizo: Mubisanzwe, urashobora kuzimya ingufu hanyuma ugatangira mubisanzwe.
7. Ikibazo: Ni ubuhe bushyuhe bwibidukikije bwa transceiver?
Igisubizo: Moderi ya optique yibasiwe cyane nubushyuhe bwibidukikije.Nubwo ifite ibyuma byunguka byunguka, nyuma yubushyuhe burenze urugero runaka, imbaraga za optique zoherejwe na module ya optique zigira ingaruka kandi zikagabanuka, bityo bikagabanya ubuziranenge bwikimenyetso cya optique kandi bigatera igihombo Igipimo kizamuka, ndetse guhagarika umurongo wa optique;(muri rusange ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwa optique ya fibre optique irashobora kugera kuri 70 ℃).irenze imipaka yo hejuru yuburebure bwikigero cya optique ya transceiver kandi ikajugunywa nayo, ikagaragaza igipimo cyinshi cyangwa cyananiwe gutsindwa.
Igice kinini cyohereza, ipaki rusange ya IP hejuru ni 18 bytes, naho MTU ni 1500 bytes;ubu ibikoresho byitumanaho byo murwego rwohejuru bifite uruganda rwimbere protocole, mubisanzwe ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye bwo gutekera, bizongera IP packet hejuru, niba amakuru ari amagambo 1500 Nyuma yipaki ya IP, ubunini bwa paki ya IP buzarenga 18 hanyuma bujugunywe) , ku buryo ingano yipaki yoherejwe kumurongo yujuje imipaka yumurongo wibikoresho byuburebure.1522 bytes yipaki yongeyeho VLANtag.
9. Ikibazo: Nyuma yuko chassis imaze igihe ikora, kuki amakarita amwe ananirwa gukora neza?
Igisubizo: Amashanyarazi ya chassis kare itanga uburyo bwa relay.Amashanyarazi adahagije hamwe no gutakaza umurongo munini nibibazo nyamukuru.Nyuma ya chassis imaze igihe ikora, amakarita amwe ntashobora gukora mubisanzwe.Iyo amakarita amwe akuweho, amakarita asigaye akora bisanzwe.Nyuma ya chassis imaze igihe kinini ikora, okiside ihuza itera igihombo kinini.Aya mashanyarazi arenze amabwiriza.Urwego rusabwa rushobora gutuma ikarita ya chassis idasanzwe.Diode ifite ingufu nyinshi Schottky ikoreshwa mugutandukanya no kurinda amashanyarazi ya chassis, kunoza imiterere yumuhuza, no kugabanya kugabanuka kwamashanyarazi biterwa numuzunguruko hamwe nu muhuza.Muri icyo gihe, kongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi biriyongera, ibyo rwose bigatuma amashanyarazi asubizwa inyuma yoroha kandi afite umutekano, kandi bigatuma arushaho gukenerwa kubisabwa mumirimo y'igihe kirekire idahagarara.
10. Ikibazo: Ni ubuhe butumwa impuruza ihuza itangwa kuri transceiver ifite?
Igisubizo: Transceiver ifite imikorere yo gutabaza (ihuza).Iyo fibre ihagaritswe, izahita igaruka ku cyambu cy'amashanyarazi (ni ukuvuga, icyerekezo ku cyambu cy'amashanyarazi nacyo kizasohoka).Niba uhindura afite imiyoboro yubuyobozi, bizagaragarira kuri switch ako kanya.Porogaramu yo gucunga imiyoboro.