I-Diode yenziwe yi-PN junction, kwaye i-photodiode inokuguqula isignali ye-optical ibe ngumqondiso wombane, njengoko kuboniswe ngezantsi:
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-covalent bond i-ionized xa i-PN junction ikhanya ngokukhanya.Oku kudala imingxunya kunye neeperi electron.I-photocurrent yenziwe ngenxa yokuveliswa kwamaqela e-electron-hole.Xa iifotoni ezinamandla angaphezu kwe-1.1 eV zibetha iDiode, iiperi ze-electron-hole ziya kwenziwa.Xa ifoton ingena kwindawo ephelelweyo yeDiode, ibetha i-athomu ngamandla aphezulu.Oku kubangela ukukhululwa kwee-electron ukusuka kwisakhiwo se-athomu.Emva kokuba ii-electron zikhutshwe, ii-electron zamahhala kunye nemingxuma zenziwe.Ngokubanzi, ii-electron zihlawuliswa kakubi, kwaye imingxuma ihlawuliswa kakuhle.Amandla aphelileyo aya kuba nendawo yombane eyakhelweyo.Ngenxa yale ntsimi yombane, isibini se-electron-hole sikude kude ne-PN junction.Ke ngoko, imingxunya iya kwi-anode, kwaye ii-electron zihamba zisiya kwi-cathode ukuze zenze i-photocurrent.
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Izinto eziphathekayo zefotodiode zigqiba ezininzi zeempawu zayo.Uphawu olubalulekileyo liza lokukhanya eliphendulwa yifotodiode, kwaye elinye linqanaba lengxolo, zombini ezi zixhomekeke ikakhulu kwizinto ezisetyenziswa kwifotodiode.Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zisebenzisa iimpendulo ezahlukeneyo kumaza amaza kuba kuphela iifotoni ezinamandla aneleyo anokonwabisa ii-electron kwi-gap yebhendi yezinto kwaye zenze amandla abalulekileyo okuvelisa okwangoku kwifotodiode.
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Nangona uvakalelo lwe-wavelength lwezixhobo lubalulekile, enye iparameter enokuthi ibe nefuthe elikhulu ekusebenzeni kweefotodiode linqanaba lengxolo elenziweyo.Ngenxa yesikhewu sebhendi esibaluleke ngakumbi, i-silicon photodiodes ivelisa ingxolo encinci kune-germanium photodiodes.Nangona kunjalo, kuyafuneka ukuba kuqwalaselwe ubude be-photodiode, kwaye ifotodiode yegermanium kufuneka isetyenziswe kumaza amaza angaphezulu kwe-1000 nm.
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Oku ngasentla yingcaciso yolwazi lweDiode eziswa nguShenzhen HDV Phoelectron Technology Co., Ltd., ongumenzi wonxibelelwano obonakalayo kwaye uvelisa iimveliso zonxibelelwano.Wamkelekile kuweukubuza.