I-Diode yakhiwe ukuhlangana kwe-PN, futhi i-photodiode ingaguqula isignali ye-optical ibe isignali kagesi, njengoba kuboniswe ngezansi:
Ngokuvamile, isibopho esivumelanayo siyayiyoni lapho ukuhlangana kwe-PN kukhanyiswa ngokukhanya.Lokhu kudala izimbobo kanye namapheya e-electron.I-photocurrent ikhiqizwa ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwamaqembu e-electron-hole.Lapho ama-photon anamandla angaphezu kuka-1.1 eV eshaya i-Diode, amapheya e-electron-hole azokwakhiwa.Uma i-photon ingena endaweni ephelile ye-Diode, ishaya i-athomu ngamandla amakhulu.Lokhu kubangela ukukhululwa kwama-electron esakhiweni se-athomu.Ngemva kokukhululwa kwama-electron, ama-electron amahhala nezimbobo akhiqizwa.Ngokuvamile, ama-electron ashajwa kabi, futhi izimbobo zishajwa kahle.Amandla aphelile azoba nendawo kagesi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.Ngenxa yale nkambu kagesi, i-electron-hole pair ikude kakhulu ne-PN junction.Ngakho-ke, izimbobo ziya ku-anode, futhi ama-electron aqhubekela ku-cathode ukuze enze i-photocurrent.
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Impahla ye-photodiode inquma izici zayo eziningi.Isici esibalulekile igagasi lokukhanya i-photodiode esabela kulo, kanti enye izinga lomsindo, kokubili okuncike kakhulu ezintweni ezisetshenziswa ku-photodiode.Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezihlukene zisebenzisa izimpendulo ezihlukene kumaza wamaza ngoba ama-photon kuphela anamandla anele angavusa ama-electron kugebe lebhendi futhi akhiqize amandla abalulekile okukhiqiza amandla amanje kusuka ku-photodiode.
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Nakuba ukuzwela kwe-wavelength kwezinto kubalulekile, enye ipharamitha engase ibe nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwama-photodiode izinga lomsindo elikhiqizwayo.Ngenxa yegebe lebhendi elibaluleke kakhulu, ama-silicon photodiode akhiqiza umsindo omncane kune-germanium photodiode.Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka futhi ukucabangela ubude be-wavelength be-photodiode, futhi i-photodiode ye-germanium kumele isetshenziselwe amaza amaza amade angaphezu kuka-1000 nm.
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Okungenhla incazelo yolwazi lwe-Diode elethwa i-Shenzhen HDV Phoelectron Technology Co., Ltd., engumkhiqizi wezokuxhumana obonakalayo futhi ekhiqiza imikhiqizo yokuxhumana.Siyakwamukela kuuphenyo.