Njengamanje, umncintiswano ozungeze i-5G ushisa ngokushesha emhlabeni jikelele, futhi amazwe anobuchwepheshe obuphambili ayaqhudelana ukuze akhiphe amanethiwekhi awo e-5G.I-South Korea ihambe phambili ekusunguleni inethiwekhi yokuqala yezohwebo ye-5G emhlabeni ngo-Ephreli kulo nyaka.Izinsuku ezimbili kamuva, u-opharetha we-telecom wase-US u-Verizon ulandele inethiwekhi ye-5G.Ukwethulwa ngempumelelo kweSouth Korea kwenethiwekhi yezohwebo ye-5G kuqinisekisa imiphumela yocwaningo lwe-A10 Networks - i-Asia Pacific iphakathi kwabaholi bomhlaba ekuhleleni nasekusetshenzisweni kokuthunyelwa kwenethiwekhi ye-5G.Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-China isanda kukhipha ilayisense yezohwebo ye-5G, ekhombisa isikhundla esiphambili ekusetshenzisweni kwe-5G.
Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2025, isifunda sase-Asia Pacific sibe imakethe ye-5G enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngokombiko we-Global System for Mobile Communications (GSMA), opharetha beselula base-Asia bahlela ukutshala imali ecishe ibe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-200 eminyakeni embalwa ezayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe amanethiwekhi e-4G. futhi uqalise amanethiwekhi amasha e-5G.Inethiwekhi ye-5G ye-ultra-high-speed, uxhumano lwe-inthanethi yeselula yesizukulwane sesihlanu, kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele izikhathi ezifika ku-1000 ukukhuphuka komkhawulokudonsa, ngesivinini somsebenzisi oyedwa se-10 Gbps kanye ne-ultra-low latency encane. kunama-millisecond angu-5. I-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), uhlelo lwedivayisi yedijithali exhumene, ingenye yezindawo okulindeleke ukuthi zisheshiswe ngobuchwepheshe be-5G.I-inthanethi Yezinto iya ngokuya iduma cishe kuzo zonke izimo zokusebenzisa ezentengiselwano nabathengi namuhla.Kusukela kuma-smartphone kuya ku-GPS, noma iyiphi idivayisi exhunyiwe edlulisela ulwazi ngenethiwekhi idinga ukusebenzisa I-inthanethi Yezinto, futhi ubuchwepheshe be-5G buzohlinzeka ngosekelo lwenethiwekhi kulawa madivayisi axhunyiwe.
I-5G ne-IoT idinga ingqalasizinda yefiber
Ubuchwepheshe be-5G ne-IoT buzongena kuwo wonke amagumbi ezimpilo zethu.Ukuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi yamanje ukuze ibhekane nekusasa elixhumeke kakhulu kuyinto ehamba phambili emabhizinisini nasezinhlanganweni, futhi abaqhubi benethiwekhi badlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni isizukulwane esilandelayo samanethiwekhi.
Indawo yokumboza i-5G idinga inani elikhulu lokuxhunywa kwe-fiber ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwenethiwekhi.Ngaphezu kokucatshangelwa kwamandla, amazinga aphezulu ezidingo zokusebenza ze-5G ezihlobene nokuhlukahluka kwenethiwekhi, ukutholakala, kanye nokuhlanganisa kudingeka kuhlangatshezwane nazo, futhi lezi zinhloso zidinga ukufezwa ngu. ukwandisa inani lamanethiwekhi e-fiber axhumene.Inhlolovo ye-ResearchandMarkets ibonisa ukuthi ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana kanye nokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwe-fiber optics ku-IT kanye nezokuxhumana, i-China ne-India izohola ukukhula kwemali engenayo emkhakheni wamanethiwekhi e-fiber-optic.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala, o-opharetha abaningi manje sebeshintshela kusakhiwo senethiwekhi yokufinyelela kumsakazo ophakathi nendawo (C-RAN), lapho ukuxhumeka kwe-fiber-optic nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile njengeyunithi ye-baseband yesiteshi esimaphakathi (BBU).Ukuxhumana okuya phambili kunikezwa phakathi kweyunithi yomsakazo ekude (RRH) etholakala ebuningini beziteshi eziyisisekelo ezitholakala ngamamayela ambalwa. I-C-RAN inikeza indlela ephumelelayo yokwandisa umthamo wenethiwekhi, ukwethembeka kanye nokuguquguquka ngenkathi kunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-C-RAN nayo iyisinyathelo esibalulekile emgwaqeni oya ku-Cloud RAN.Ku-RAN yamafu, ukucutshungulwa kwe-BBU "kwenziwe", ngaleyo ndlela kunikeze ukuguquguquka okukhulu nokuqina ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamanethiwekhi wesikhathi esizayo.
Esinye isici esibangela isidingo esikhulu se-fiber optics i-5G Fixed Wireless Access (FWA), okuyindlela ekahle yokuhlinzeka ngamanethiwekhi e-broadband kubathengi namuhla.I-FWA ingesinye sezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuqala ze-5G ezisatshalaliswe ukusiza abathwali abangenazintambo baqhudelane ngesabelo esiphezulu semakethe yesevisi ye-broadband yasekhaya.Ijubane le-5G liqinisekisa ukuthi i-FWA ingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nokudluliswa kwethrafikhi ye-inthanethi yasekhaya kuhlanganise nesevisi yevidiyo ye-OTT.Nakuba ukuthunyelwa kokufinyelela okugxilile kwe-broadband ye-5G kushesha futhi kulula kakhulu kune-fiber-to-the-home (FTTH), isivinini sokukhula komkhawulokudonsa ukubeka ingcindezi eyengeziwe kunethiwekhi, okusho ukuthi i-fiber eningi idinga ukuthunyelwa ukubhekana nayo.Le nselelo.Eqinisweni, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanethiwekhi e-FTTH ngama-opharetha wenethiwekhi phakathi neminyaka eyi-10 edlule nakho kuye kwabeka isisekelo sokusatshalaliswa kwe-5G ngokungaqondile.
IUkunqoba i-5G
Sisezimpambanweni ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi engenazintambo.Ukukhishwa kwamabhendi we-3.5 GHz kanye ne-5 GHz kubeke opharetha emzileni osheshayo ekuxhumekeni kwe-5G.Ama-opharetha enethiwekhi kumele asebenzise isu elilungile lokuxhuma ukuze ahlangabezane nenethiwekhi yesikhathi esizayo.Sesizongenisa umhlaba wokuxhumana okuphezulu, futhi ulwazi lomsebenzisi luzothuthukiswa ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwezindawo zokufinyelela okungenantambo zesiteshi samaselula. Kodwa-ke, ekugcineni. , ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kwenethiwekhi engenantambo kuzoncika kunethiwekhi enezintambo (fiber-optic) ephethe ukuxhumana phakathi kweziteshi eziyisisekelo zamaselula e-5G. Kafushane, ukuthunyelwa kwe-5G ne-IoT kuzodinga ukwesekwa kwenethiwekhi ye-fiber ecinene ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu futhi ophansi. izidingo zokusebenza kwe-latency.
Nakuba amazwe ambalwa engase ahole emncintiswaneni we-5G, kusesekuseni kakhulu ukumemezela owinile. Ngokuzayo, i-5G izokhanyisa ukuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke, futhi ukuthunyelwa ngendlela efanele kwengqalasizinda yenethiwekhi ye-fiber-optic kuzoba " isisekelo sezomnotho” sokukhulula amandla angenamkhawulo we-5G.