PPPoE represents a point-to-point protocol on the Ethernet. It is a network tunnel protocol that encapsulates the point-to-point protocol (PPP) in the Ethernet framework. It enables Ethernet hosts to connect to a remote access concentrator via a simple bridging device.Using PPPoE, remote access devices can control and account for each access user.Compared with the traditional access mode, PPPoE protocol has a higher performance-to-price ratio, it is widely used in a series of applications, including the construction of cell networking, etc., the current popular broadband access mode ADSL uses PPPoE protocol.Generally, PPPoE architecture consists of PPPoE client, PPPoE server, host and ADSL modem.
With PPPoE, users can dial up from one router (PPPoE client) to another router (PPPoE server) through BRAS (Broadband Remote Access Server), and then establish a point-to-point connection and transfer packets over this connection. To use PPPoE, you need a user name and password provided by your ISP to establish a connection. However, in today's networks, to integrate a modem into a connection, you only need to set up a username and password once, and the modem automatically connects to the network as soon as you turn it on.
Since BRAS (Broadband Remote Access Server) has countless users sharing the same physical connection, which sends traffic to and from broadband remote access devices on the ISP network, the PPPoE protocol can track user traffic and which user should be billed.
The process of PPPoE session discovery and session is as follows:
Discovery phase: In this phase, the user host broadcasts to find all connected access concentrators (or switches) and obtains their Ethernet MAC addresses. Then select the host you want to connect to and determine the PPP session identification number you want to establish. There are four steps in the discovery phase: the host broadcast Initiating Packet (PADI), accessing the concentrator, the host selecting a suitable PADO packet and preparing to start a PPP session. When this phase is complete, both sides of the communication know PPPoESESSION-ID and the Ethernet address of the peer, and together they uniquely define a PPPoE session.
PPP session: The user host and the access concentrator conduct PPP sessions based on the PPP session connection parameters negotiated during the discovery phase. Once a PPPoE session starts, PPP data can be sent in any other PPP encapsulation form. All Ethernet frames are unicast. The session-ID of a PPPoE SESSION cannot be changed and must be the value assigned during the discovery phase.
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