Since World War II, wireless communication has received attention due to its significant achievements in military applications, which have greatly enhanced the environmental limitations of information transmission. Since then, wireless communication has been developing, but there is a lack of extensive communication standards. So, in 1997, IEEE formulated the first version standard for wireless local area networks – IEEE 802.11. Subsequent protocols have all been continuously improved and optimized in accordance with this protocol.
(1) The working group of the IEEE 802.11 wireless two-part specification developed:
The first is to formulate relevant standards for the 802.11 physical layer
The second is to formulate relevant standards for the 802.11MAC layer
(2) IEEE802.11 physical layer: It mainly defines the frequency band in which wireless protocols operate (for example, 2.4G wifi: refers to its operation in the 2.4GHZ frequency band), modulation and encoding methods, and the support for its maximum speed (the rate is related to different protocols and different modulation methods). The MAC layer is mainly responsible for some functions within wireless networks or the embodiment of specific protocols, such as QOS which sets speed limits for the network, Mesh technology, and wireless security standards.
Currently, in the market, after 11n, the optimization of the Mac layer has basically achieved the best effect. Further optimization at this level no longer significantly improves the transmission rate. All subsequent WiFi6 and above will undergo more optimizations at the PHY layer.
The physical layer and MAC layer related to IEEE802.11 are reflected as follows.
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